Let X1, X2, . . . , Xn be independent random variables and Sk = Pk i=1 Xi. We show that for any constants ak, P( max 1≤k≤n ||Sk| − ak| > 11t) ≤ 30 max 1≤k≤n P(||Sk| − ak| > t). We also discuss similar inequalities for sums of Hilbert and Banach space valued random vectors.

A gene bank of Sau3A1-generated Streptococcus pneumoniae type 23 DNA fragments was constructed in Escherichia coli K-12 with the low-copy-number cosmid vector pOU61cos. Clone lysates were screened by immunoblotting using a mouse antiserum raised against a crude pneumococcal hyaluronidase preparation. One immunoreactive clone was isolated, and it produced high level of hyaluronidase activity. Th...

Sphingosine kinase (SK) catalyzes the formation of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid messenger that plays an important role in a variety of mammalian cell processes, including inhibition of apoptosis and stimulation of cell proliferation. Basal levels of S1P in cells are generally low but can increase rapidly when cells are exposed to various agonists through rapid and transient activation...

Source and Description of Clone. A 1.9-kb partial cDNA insert of porcine a-actinin2 in a pBluescript SKphagemid vector was isolated from a swine adult skeletal muscle cDNA lambda ZAP11 library (kindly provided by Charles Louis, University of Minnesota).

UNLABELLED Ouabain stimulates activation of various signaling cascades such as protein kinase B (Akt) and Extracellular-signaling-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) in various cell lines. Retinoic acid (RA) is commonly used to induce neuroblastoma differentiation in cultures. Upon RA administration, human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-SH demonstrated neurite extensions, which is an indicator of neu...

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disease that is accompanied by pain, diarrhea, constipation and abdominal bloating. Hence, IBS has a major effect on patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to examine validity and reliability of the Persian version of the IBS-QOL questionnaire in Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS The original 34 items of the IBS...

Removal thermodynamics and desorption studies of some heavy metal ions such as Co(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) by polymeric surfaces such as poly 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) and copolymer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with monomer methyl methacrylate P(MMA-HEMA) as adsorbent surfaces from aqueous single solution were investigated with respect to the changes in pH of solution, adsorbent composit...