Abstract: The non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ‘atypical mycobacteria’ belonging to species other than those classified in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. NTM have been reported cause cross-reactive immune responses that interfere with diagnosis of both livestock and wildlife considered as potential pathogens for animals humans. present study was conducted detection non- tuberculo...

giardia is one of the most common human parasites and causes a lengthly course of nonbacterial diarrhea. disease outbreaks due to giardia infection are often attributed to contaminated water supplies. a major problem associated with detection for this organism is the lack of sensitive and reliable methods. pcr has the potential to address many of the limitations.we have performed a pcr-based me...

Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are occasionally repeated when clinicians suspect false-negative results, but the conditions under which RT-PCR testing is warranted remain unclear. We evaluated practice of repeat SARS-CoV-2 in 45 patients who were retested after an initial negative PCR test...

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing disease 2019 pandemic is an enveloped virus, showing genome similarity with bat coronavirus. This virus initially infects the upper tract, subsequent spread to lower tract. Despite availability of antigen and antibody detection methods, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnostic test choice for this novel ...

A Short History of the Polymerase Chain Reaction. In the 1950s, the discovery of PCR is the subject of claim and counterclaim that has yet to be.Methods Mol Biol. A short history of the polymerase chain reaction. Author information: 1Division of Cancer and.A Short History of the Polymerase Chain Reaction. Full Text, Download PDF 103K. And although this does risk overstating the impact of PCR ou...

?????????????coronavirus disease 2019? COVID?19?????????????????????acute kidney injury? AKI????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????10?????????????????????????????????????????????COVID?19????????????????????????????????severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2? SARS?CoV?2????????????????????????????????????????9???????????????????????????reverse transcription p...

Because both Babesia microti and Borrelia burgdorferi can be transmitted by the bite of a single coinfected Ixodes scapularis tick, an attempt was made to determine frequency with which whole blood samples that tested positive for B. infection polymerase chain reaction (PCR) would also test PCR infection. Over 7-year period from 2013 2019, 119 different patients on at least one sample. Among 11...

Background. Persistent Escherichia coli asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is common among persons with diabetes mellitus, but the duration of colonization and the rates of recolonization are unknown. We estimated the duration of colonization and the rate of recolonization among successively isolated E. coli from diabetic women with ASB and compared the virulence profiles with uropathogenic and com...

BACKGROUND Estimates of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in a population prior to and after HPV vaccine introduction are essential to evaluate the short-term impact of vaccination. METHODS Between 2010 and 2012 we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in Germany to determine HPV prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors for HPV-infection in women aged 20-25 years. W...