BACKGROUND Physicians must frequently inform their patients of the risks of rare, but serious, adverse events (AEs). OBJECTIVE To examine how patients react to the disclosure of rare AEs. METHODS Outpatients viewed a video of a physician describing a medication associated with a rare AE. Subjects then rated their worry, perceived chance of developing the AE, and willingness to take the medi...

Introduction. Research shows that in most situations, women perceive themselves to be at greater risk of harm than do men. Gustafson’s gender role perspective on risk perception suggests that this is because women are socialized to feel that they need protection, especially from men. Aims. Based on Gustafson’s gender role perspective on sex differences in risk perception, we predicted that in a...

Directive 2003/10/EC sets the requirement for evaluating the effect of noise on accident risk. Accident risk is elevated for workers with a hearing handicap because of their reduced speech intelligibility and reduced capability to perceive the direction of incoming sound. An audiogram is not a good method for the evaluation of these functions. To reduce accident risk, organisational and persona...

In this report, we analyze adolescent risk-taking from a behavioral decision-making perspective, with respect to the following questions: •Why is adolescent risky decision making important? •What is rational, adaptive, or good decision-making for adolescents (i.e., normative approaches)? •What are the main explanatory models of adolescent risk taking? •What are the key data (i.e., those data th...

Recent encounters with a stimulus often facilitate or "prime" future responses to the same or similar stimuli. However, studies are inconclusive as to whether changing the response that is required attenuates priming only for identical stimuli, or also for categorically related items. In 2 object priming experiments, the authors show that priming was eliminated if the initial decision associate...

Background The risk of fatal anaphylaxis in a food allergic person is very low, yet the possibility of this catastrophic event is a major focus for both patients and healthcare professionals. It is unclear how healthcare professionals perceive risk of fatal or non-fatal anaphylaxis in the context of food allergy, and whether their perception of risk influences their management of food allergy. ...

Human life and activities are associated with risk, as risk is inherent in all forms of human existence action. Risk regarded a phenomenological variable considering how people perceive it, especially during crisis they experience. This paper discusses the characteristics behavior crisis, an emphasis on hazard perception assessment, for purpose understanding people’s decisions adaptation before...

The relation of gamma-band synchrony to holistic perception in which concerns the effects of sensory processing, high level perceptual gestalt formation, motor planning and response is still controversial. To provide a more direct link to emergent perceptual states we have used holistic EEG/ERP paradigms where the moment of perceptual "discovery" of a global pattern was variable. Using a rapid ...

As is evident from a wealth of literature, the powerful messages in mass media (advertising, movies, music lyrics and videos, radio, television, video games, and the Internet) influence the way children perceive their environment, their relationships, their bodies, and various risk behaviors. Media-consumption habits in children and adolescents predict risk behaviors and adverse health outcomes...