It has been more than a century since dry cleaning had its origin in Paris, France. Since that time, the dry cleaning process, whereby garments are cleaned in a nonaqueous solvent, has witnessed many refinements. Gasoline and carbon tetrachloride have been replaced as dry cleaning fluids by perchloroethylene (perc, and also known as tetrachloroethylene), Stoddard solvent (a petroleum distillate...

(NBR) male rats fail to develop renal disease following exposure to agents that induce alpha-2u-globulin (alpha 2u) nephropathy. Biochemical basis for mouse resistance to hya-line droplet nephropathy: Lack of relevance of the alpha2u-globulin protein superfamily in this male rat specific syndrome.globulin is the only member of the lipocalin protein superfamily that binds to hyaline droplet indu...

Epidemiologic study results addressing the carcinogenicity of six compounds related to vinyl chloride (vinylidene chloride, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dibromide and epichlorohydrin) are reviewed. The study results suggest an increased carcinogenic risk among workers exposed to epichlorohydrin and to dry cleaning and degreasing solvents. Although several...

A method for the retrospective estimation of the individual respiratory intake was tested. The method is based on system dynamics. Subjects were exposed simultaneously to the poorly metabolising solvent tetrachloroethene (PER, perchloroethylene) and the highly metabolising trichloroethene (TRI) at rest, 30, and 65 watt physical exercise. The time courses of the alveolar concentration (Calv) of ...

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is a key enzyme in the mammalian metabolism of several low molecular weight volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as trichloroethylene (TCE), vinyl chloride (VC), carbon tetrachloride (CT), benzene, chloroform, and bromodichloromethane (BDCM), which are all common environmental pollutants that pose risks to human health. We have developed a transgenic tobacco (Nic...

Perchloroethylene (PCE) is one of the most important groundwater pollutants around the world. It is a suspected carcinogen and is believed to be recalcitrant to microbial degradation. We report here, for the first time, aerobic degradation of PCE by the white rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, to less hazardous products. Aerobic degradation rate of PCE was 0.20 and 0.28 nmol h(-1) mg(-1) dry weig...

Recent experimental evidence indicates that structural analogs of vinyl chloride namely, vinylidene chloride and trichloroethylene, are mutagenic. Carcinogenic response also has been observed in experimental animals following exposure to vinylidene chloride, trichloroethylene, and perchloroethylene. More recent observations demonstrate low-level vinyl chloride-induced mammary carcinoma. An addi...