The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap is an option for women desiring autologous tissue breast reconstruction. If this reconstruction fails, other autologous tissue flaps, including the gluteal artery perforator and latissimus dorsi flaps, may be used for salvage. The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap offers adequate tissue volume for breast reconstruction, acceptable fat quality and...

BACKGROUND Breast reconstruction techniques have focused increasingly on using autologous tissue, with emphasis being placed on employing muscle sparing adipocutaneous flaps to reduce abdominal wall complications such as hernias, bulges, weakness, and length of hospital stay. The result has been the emergence of the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap for breast reconstruction. Isol...

Background: Lumbar skin flaps based on cutaneous perforators arising from the lumbar artery have been described for coverage of lumbosacral defects and as free flaps for autologous breast reconstruction. Thus, the purpose of this study is to clarify anatomical aspects of the lumbar artery perforator flaps pertaining improvement in utility and design of this flap. Methods: Five fresh human bodie...

Although in most of the rural development plans, relocation of informal settlements is oftenconsidered as an efficient solution to increase safety of rural communities against natural and man-made disasters,such as, earthquakes, fire hazards, floods, etc. an evaluation of recent experiences in the relocation projects show thatthe relocated community is often unsatisfied with the new residential...

Im ag es IMAGES area [2]. Various regional musculocutaneous flaps have played an important role in reconstruction of the posterior trunk [1,2]. However, they have shortcomings of sacrificing underlying muscle and donor site morbidity. Perforator flaps have recently been regarded as a good method for reconstruction of such defects [3,4]. Flap extendibility and less invasiveness without sacrifice...

BACKGROUND There is a dearth of detailed published work on the anatomy of ulnar artery perforators. The objective of this study was to fully document the vascular basis of the free proximal ulnar artery perforator flap and report its use in reconstruction of the hand. METHODS (1) The ulnar artery perforators were studied in 25 fresh cadavers and 10 cast preparations. Cadavers were injected wi...

Introduction. Soft tissue coverage of distal leg and ankle region represents a challenge and such defect usually requires a free flap. However, this may lead to considerable donor site morbidity, is time consuming, and needs facility of microsurgery. With the introduction of perforator flap, management of small- and medium-size defects of distal leg and ankle region is convenient, less time con...

INTRODUCTION Methods allowing one to locate the position of a cutaneous perforator do not allow one to determine the boundaries of the vascularized skin. In clinical practice this causes complications in the form of marginal necrosis of the flap. AIM To examine the usefulness of thermography to assess the extent of vascularization of the skin and subcutaneous tissue by a single perforator. ...

BACKGROUND Perforator flaps represent the latest in the evolution of soft-tissue flaps. They allow the transfer of the patient's own skin and fat in a reliable manner, with minimal donor-site morbidity. The powerful perforator flap concept allows transfer of tissue from numerous, well-described donor sites to almost any distant site with suitable recipient vessels. Large-volume flaps can be sup...

Perforator flaps have become accepted as an excellent option for autologous breast reconstruction. The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is the first-line option for perforator-based flaps in most patients due to the available tissue volume, skin quality, and secondary aesthetic benefits.1,2 However, variability in patient anatomy and body habitus create the need for reliable seco...