This study presents a model reference adaptive control scheme based on reference-shaping approach. The proposed adaptive control structure includes two optimizer processes that perform gradient descent optimization. The first process is the control optimizer that generates appropriate control signal for tracking of the controlled system output to a reference model output. The second process is ...

One-way analysis of covariance is a popular and common statisticalmethod, wherein the equality of the means of several random variables whichhave a linear relationship with a random mathematical variable, is tested. Inthis study, a method is presented to improve the one-way analysis of covari-ance when there is an uncertainty in accepting the statistical hypotheses. Themethod deals with a fuzzy...

Abstract Cold resistance of fruit tree buds is very important. Climate change brings unstable winters, and the temperature often fluctuates creates many problems in growing. Research on bud cold damage was conducted during three years (2019–2021) at Institute Horticulture. Three Latvian plum cultivars, ‘Ance’, ‘Adelyn’, ‘Sonora’, were studied, while cultivar ‘Jubileum’ used as a control. This s...

The purpose of this study was to determine which factors impact the ability to perform autologous priming (AP) of the extracorporeal circuit. Second, the effects of differential AP on transfusion and volume requirements were evaluated. After institutional review board approval, demographic, operative, volumetric, and transfusion data were prospectively collected on 100 adult patients undergoing...

In light of concerns about rising pharmaceutical expenditures, managed care organizations call upon clinical pharmacists to include economic factors in their decisions regarding product selections for formulary inclusion. Good decisions increase the likelihood of achieving the desired bal, ance between providing high-quality care and containing overall health care' costs. Given time limitations...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are ideal scaffolds to design and architect high-perform‐ ance composites at high CNT volume fractions. In these composites, the CNT align‐ ment determines the level of aggregation and the structure morphology, and thus the load transfer efficiency between neighboring CNTs. Here, we discuss two major solutions to produce high-volume fraction CNT composites, namely the la...

A flight mill system was constructed in 1969 at the Hawaiian Fruit Flies Investigations Laboratory, Honolulu, to study the flight perform ance of 3 Hawaiian tephritids, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, D. dorsalis Hendel, and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) . The unique system allowed simultaneous measurements of 18 individual flies, and data were auto matically recorded on magnetic tape and compute...

In recent years, computer networks have been characterized by heterogeneous traffic and dynamic management of different kinds of services. The network requirements have increased within time and, since bandwidth is limited, it becomes necessary to employ optimization procedures in order to make the network able to operate in its full capacity. Traffic shaping mechanisms implement Quality of Ser...