<p>This review provides a general overview of the application chemical oxidation to hydrophobic contaminants in form non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). Three types processes, conventional activated persulfate, permanganate, and ozonation, along with three advanced processes (AOPs), Fenton process, photocatalysis, plasma are presented discussed. In addition, this paper brief insight into c...

The activation of persulfate (PS) by Fe(III) for the removal environmental organic pollutants was severely limited low reduction rate from to Fe(II). In present study, we reported that reducing sulfur species (i.e., SO32−, HSO3−, S2−, and HS−) under concentration could significantly accelerate Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle in Fe(III)/PS system. Under condition 1.0 mM 4.0 PS, performance system poor, onl...