EDI has been promoted as a technology which helps to reduce conflict and enhances collaboration and ‘partnership’ between trading organisations. Is this always the case? In what circumstances are organisations continuing to interact in adversarial ways, and for what reasons? To answer this question, we start by examining the development and application of an EDI network in the motor industry. w...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a technique for measuring the efficiency of decision making units. In all models of the DEA, for each unit under assessment, the numerical efficiency is obtained which may be less than or equal to one. Given the possible large number of functional units, we use various ranking methods for evaluating units. One of the rating methods is Balance index and Topsis....

This paper proposes a simple and efficient method to numerically obtain the mapping degree deg( f , 0, B) of a C1 map f : Rn → Rn at a regular value 0 relative to a bounded open subset B ⊂ Rn. For practical application, this method adopts Aberth’s algorithm which does not require computation of derivatives and determinants, and reduces the computational cost with two additional procedures, name...

In this paper, interval Legendre wavelet method is investigated to approximated the solution of the interval Volterra-Fredholm-Hammerstein integral equation. The shifted interval Legendre polynomials are introduced and based on interval Legendre wavelet method is defined. The existence and uniqueness theorem for the interval Volterra-Fredholm-Hammerstein integral equations is proved. Some examp...

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Task completion plans normally resemble best-case scenarios and yield overly optimistic predictions of completion times. The authors induced participants to generate more pessimistic scenarios and examined completion predictions. Participants described a pessimistic scenario of task completion either alone or with an optimistic scenario. Pessimistic scenarios did not affect predictions or accur...

In original Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models for measuring the relative efficiencies of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) using various inputs to produce various outputs are limited to crisp data. To deal with imprecise data, the notion of fuzziness has been introduced. this paper develops a procedure to measure the efficiencies of DMUs with fuzzy observations. The basic idea is to tr...

recently the concept of facility efficiency, which defined by data envelopment analysis (dea), introduced as a location modeling objective, that provides facilities location’s effect on their performance in serving demands. by combining the dea models with the location problem, two types of “efficiencies” are optimized: spatial efficiency which measured by finding the least cost location and al...

The purpose of this paper is to develop an output oriented methodology for calculating productivity growth by using Malmquist productivity index (MPI) and two different data envelopment analysis (DEA) views (optimistic and pessimistic) simultaneously, and apply it to five Iranian Commercial Banks over the four time period (2009-2013). Consequently, we have proposed a new approach called the dou...