PURPOSE Several international committees involved in establishing standards of care have recommended that patients undergoing surgery for bladder outlet obstruction should be assessed with patient reported outcomes (PRO). The Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) is an instrument designed to measure a patients interpretation of symptom changes following intervention. The objective of...

Aspirin is a promising antithrombogenic agent. It inhibits the generation of thromboxane A(2) by acetylating platelet cyclo-oxygenase. Aspirin also inhibits vessel wall production of PGI(2) which is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, and therefore is potentially thrombotic. To investigate these two opposing effects we studied the effects of aspirin upon fibrin accretion onto experimentally i...

Effective risk management and control methods for potentially genotoxic impurities (PGIs), including alkyl halides, are of significant importance in the medicinal (pharmaceutical) sector. The three halides posaconazole PGIs. detection assessment substances is a top priority all regulatory organizations. Quantifying PGIs at trace levels using standard analytical techniques, such as gas chromatog...

In this study, the effect of reversible inactivation of locus ceruleus (LC) on naloxone- induced withdrawal syndrome in paragigantocellular (PGi) neurons in morphine- dependent rats was investigated. For inactivation of LC, 1 µl of lidocaine (2%) was used and for induction of withdrawal syndrome, naloxone hydrochloride (2 mg/kg) was injected systemically. The results showed that in dependent gr...

Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) is a protein with multiple functions. To infer its structure changes and evolution in vertebrates, we cloned cDNAs encoding PGI genes from hagfish (Paramyxine yangi), gray mullet (Mugil cephalus), zebrafish (Danio rerio), toad (Bufo melanosticus), and snake (Boiga kraepelini). Only one PGI gene was cloned in each of hagfish, toad, and snake, but two PGI genes were...

BACKGROUND Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in aging men are often associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). While regulatory evaluations of treatment benefit require an assessment of specific symptoms, a simpler approach to measuring patients' perceptions of severity and symptom change may be particularly useful for clinical practice. The aim of this study was to provide evidence ...

Mixed linage leukemia gene 2 (MLL2) is identified as a novel mutation gene in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the significance of MLL2 protein expression for the prognosis of DLBCL is unclear. In this study, we detected MLL2 protein expression in primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PGI-DLBCL) samples by using tissue microarray immunohistochemistry, and analyz...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability and validity of the improved version of the Patient Generated Index (PGI) in patients with low back pain. METHODS The PGI was administered to 90 patients attending care in 1 of 6 institutions in Norway and evaluated for reliability and validity. The questionnaire was given out to 61 patients for re-test purposes. RESULTS The PGI was completed correctly ...

  In the present study, the effect of contralateral and bilateral electrolytic lesions of the nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis (PGi) on tonic pain was assessed in rats. Pain-related behavior was evaluated using the formalin test 7 days after the lesion was made. PGi lesions did not produce any marked changes in the early phase of the formalin test, but significantly increased pain sens...

BACKGROUND To establish optimal cutoff values for serologic diagnosis of fundic atrophy in a high-risk area for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cancer with high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in Northern Iran, we performed an endoscopy-room-based validation study. METHODS We measured serum pepsinogens I (PGI) and II (PGII), gastrin 17 (G-17), and antibodies agai...