The process by which nonenveloped viruses cross cell membranes during host cell entry remains poorly defined; however, common themes are emerging. Here, we use correlated in vivo and in vitro studies to understand the mechanism of Flock House virus (FHV) entry and membrane penetration. We demonstrate that low endocytic pH is required for FHV infection, that exposure to acidic pH promotes FHV-me...

The present study aimed to develop and optimize liposome formulation for the colonic delivery of biologically active compounds. A strategy to facilitate such targeting is to formulate liposomes with a polymer coating sensitive to the pH shifts in the gastrointestinal tract. To this end, liposomes encapsulating curcumin-chosen as the biologically active compound model-and coated with the pH-resp...

The effect of cholesterol on the molecular transport of an organic cation, malachite green (MG), across large unilamellar dioleolyphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) liposome bilayers with 0-50 mol% cholesterol was studied by second harmonic generation (SHG). Because SHG is a surface-specific technique, it requires no labeled molecule, quencher, or shifting agent to distinguish the location of the solu...

Cationic liposome based siRNA delivery system has improved the efficiencies of siRNA. However, cationic liposomes are prone to be rapidly cleared by the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Although modification of cationic liposomes with polyethylene glycol (PEG) could prolong circulation lifetime, PEG significantly inhibits siRNA entrapment efficiency, cellular uptake and endosomal/lysosomal esc...

This study was performed to improve the techniques used for tenderizing red meat as elderly food. Beef meat was immersed in liposome encapsulated enzyme solution and the effect of protease encapsulation on the beef properties was analyzed. The protease encapsulation properties were analyzed according to the size distribution and enzymatic activity. After enzyme reaction on the beef, the chemica...

pH-sensitive fusogenic 3-methyl-glutarylated hyperbranched 1 poly(glycidol) (MGlu-HPG)-conjugated liposome induces 2 antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity 3 4 Takehisa Hebishima, 4 Eiji Yuba, Kenji Kono, Shin-nosuke Takeshima, Yoshihiro 5 Ito, and Yoko Aida 6 7 1 Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, and Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 8 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japa...

Therapeutic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a major challenge that limits its potential clinical application. Here, a pH-sensitive cholesterol-Schiff base-polyethylene glycol (Chol-SIB-PEG)-modified cationic liposome-siRNA complex, conjugated with the recombinant humanized anti-EphA10 antibody (Eph), was developed as an efficient nonviral siRNA delivery system. Chol-SIB-PEG was suc...