Etoricoxib is presently the most commonly prescribed cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) inhibitor for chronic pain and inflammatory conditions. In clinical practice, phenytoin and etoricoxib are used in chronic conditions of generalized seizure with concomitant chronic pain. Hence, there are chances of drug-drug interaction because modulations of isoenzymes involved in metabolism CYP2C9/10 and CYP2C19 wh...

The aim of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin (SIM) administered orally in 6-week-old turkeys at a single dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. The SIM concentrations in plasma were determined by validated HPLC-MS/MS method. Mean (+/- SD; n = 10) values of pharmacokinetic parameters evaluated were as follows: Cmax = 0.49 +/- 0.21 ng/ml, t(max) = 1.6 +/- 1.1 h, AUC(0-infinity)...

Aminoglycosides are experiencing a resurgence in use because of the spread of multiresistant Gram-negative pathogens. Use of these agents is attended by the occurrence of nephrotoxicity. Aminoglycoside optimization of dose can be defined as the dose having the highest likelihood of a good outcome and the lowest likelihood of toxicity. We have defined the metric Δ as the difference between the l...

Antibiotic dosing regimens may vary in their capacity to select mutants. Our hypothesis was that selection of a more resistant bacterial subpopulation would increase with the time within a selective window (SW), i.e., when drug concentrations fall between the MICs of two strains. An in vitro kinetic model was used to study the selection of two Escherichia coli strains with different susceptibil...

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is today one of the most popular methods for tumor assessment. Several pharmacokinetic models have been proposed to analyze DCE-MRI. Most of them depend on an accurate arterial input function (AIF). We propose an automatic and versatile method to determine the AIF. The method has two stages, detection and segmentation, incorporating knowledge about artery...

To investigate the appropriateness of the current vancomycin dosing strategy in adult patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), between March 2013 and November 2013, patients who were treated with vancomycin while on ECMO were enrolled. Control group consisted of 60 patients on vancomycin without ECMO, stayed in medical intensive care unit during the same study period and with t...

This study aimed to investigate a food effect on the bio-availability of modified-release (MR) trimetazidine tablets in 36 healthy volunteers. Trimetazidine, an anti-ischemic drug, protects the myocardial cell from the harmful effects of ischemia. The authors investigated the effect of being under a fasting or fed state at the time of drug intake on the bioavailability of trimetazidine 35-mg MR...

A study was performed to establish the effect of Al3+ and Fe2+ cations on the absorption of ofloxacin when it is administered orally at a dose of 200 mg. The study was carried out with nine volunteers, who each received three treatments (A [200 mg of ofloxacin], B [200 mg of ofloxacin plus 11 g of colloidal aluminum phosphate], and C [200 mg of ofloxacin plus 1,050 mg of FeSO4]) according to a ...

INTRODUCTION The prescribed dose and carbamazepine plasma concentration to achieve the optimal therapeutic efficacy are highly variable from one patient to the other. Our study aimed to determine whether biological parameters may be used as plasma markers that can individually adjust the carbamazepine dose necessary to optimize therapeutic efficacy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-four epileptic ...

OBJECTIVES In the present study, we examined whether differences in the severity of sepsis translate to differences in the pharmacokinetic profile of linezolid in plasma and the interstitium of target tissues after a single intravenous dose of 600 mg by means of the microdialysis technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 24 patients were included in the trial. Sixteen patients suffered from ...