Phenobarbital is an inducer of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, such as cytochrome P-450, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and NAD(P)H:quinone reductase, as well as being a promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms regulating these biological activities are, however, unknown. In this paper we show that induction by phenobarbital of GST Ya and quinone reductase gene expression ...

KCNK1, a member of the family of two-pore K(+) ion channels, is specifically induced in the livers of male mice after phenobarbital treatment. Here, we have determined the molecular mechanism of this male-specific activation of the Kcnk1 gene and characterized KCNK1 as a phenobarbital-inducible antihyperplasia factor. Upon activation by phenobarbital, nuclear receptor CAR binds the 97-bp respon...

Connexin32 (Cx32) is the major gap junction forming protein in liver. We have recently shown that hepatocarcinogenesis is strongly enhanced in mice deficient in Cx32, demonstrating that lack of functional Cx32 accelerates liver tumorigenesis. Many tumor-promoting agents, including phenobarbital, block gap junctional intercellular communication in vitro, and it has been suggested that this effec...

BACKGROUNDS Evaluating the efficacy of the loading and tapering dose of Phenobarbital versus oral Morphine in the management of NAS. METHODS This randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted on 60 neonates born to illicit drugs dependent mothers at Vali-Asr and Akbar-Abadi hospitals, Tehran, Iran, who exhibited NAS requiring medical therapy. The neonates were randomized to receive e...

Adriamycin dosage should be reduced in patients with impaired liver function, since adriamycin disposition is influenced by liver metabolism and biliary excretion. It follows that drugs that increase the metabolism or excretory capacity of the liver may decrease adriamycin concentrations to suboptimal values. Adriamycin metabolism was therefore studied in mice pretreated with phenobarbital (75 ...

Introduction: Early differentiation of biliary atresia from neonatal hepatitis is of utmost importance, since on time surgery of biliary atresia significantly improves the outcome. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is an integral part of diagnosis work-up of these patients; however its specificity for diagnosis of biliary atresia is suboptimal. In this study we evaluated the value of ursodeoxycholic a...

Growth factors have key roles in liver physiology and pathology, particularly by promoting cell proliferation and growth. Recently, it has been shown that in mouse hepatocytes, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a crucial role in the activation of the xenosensor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) by the antiepileptic drug phenobarbital. Due to the species selectivity of CAR signa...

Simunek J., Eva Hegerova, Jaroslava Klimeliova and Radka Zavadilova: Effect of Sulphadimidine on the Toxicity of Phenobarbital in Cockerels of Different Ages. Acta vet. Brno, 54,1985 : 183-187. Acute toxicity (LD50) of phenobarbital sodium salt administered intramuscularly alone and after premedication with sulphadimidine sodium salt (in i. m. doses of 0.2 gjkg body mass) given 15 or 120 minute...

Phenobarbital is a phenobarbiturate used as a sedative, anticonvulsant, or hypnotic with the doses prescribed and can cause teratogenic effects. The goal of this study was to examine an alternative method for the recognition of the mechanism or the bimolecular potential changes in mice fetus caused by Phenobarbital using FTIR micro spectroscopy. The mice were injected with Phenobarbital (120mg/...

Phenobarbital and clofibrate, two non-genotoxic carcinogens, have been investigated regarding the relationship between reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme expression and apoptosis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Low toxicity concentrations, 200 and 100 microg/ml for phenobarbital and clofibrate respectively, were used to examine their effect on spontaneous or transforming growth...