Two patients with intractable epilepsy who had been treated with various combinations of anticonvulsant drugs developed phenytoin encephalopathy. In both patients choreo-athetoid involuntary movements were prominent. Blood phenytoin concentrations were above 30 mug/ml. When phenytoin was given in smaller doses and its level in the blood fell the involuntary movements and other clinical manifest...

Routine estimation of serum phenytoin levels in patients newly admitted to a Special Centre for Epilepsy showed that 40% of those receiving sulthiame in addition to phenytoin had levels in the toxic range. Four long-stay patients became drug intoxicated when sulthiame treatment was started. Sulthiame appears to inhibit the hepatic hydroxylation of phenytoin.

Objective: This study was undertaken to identify the most common drug causing reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) inpatients admitted in our center possible factors associated it. Methods: a cross-sectional observational of patients DRESS from January 2018 December 2020. Data were entered MS Excel analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Eighty-four consecutive who diagnosed ...

Adjustment of phenytoin dosage in patients is very difficult due to its nonlinear metabolism and patient to patient variation in its kinetics. It has been recommended that the dosage of phenytoin should be adjusted according to its plasma concentration and requirements of the patients. Therefore, the present study was carried out to identify the various factors which may influence the plas...

consequences that lead to an increase in risk of atherosclerosis patients with epilepsy, several studies have reported the commonly used antiepileptic drugs like phenytoin, and carbamazepine serum total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoproteins Cholesterol (HDL-C) Low lipoprotein ( LDL-C ) levels Triglyceride (TG) .The aim this study assess compare lipid profile young adult treated by anti-epilept...

Phenytoin, a voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV channel) antagonist, reportedly inhibits arginine vasopressin (AVP) release from an isolated rat neurohypophysis. So far, it is uncertain whether phenytoin has a direct action on ectopic AVP-producing neuroendocrine tumors. We studied the effect of phenytoin on the release of copeptin, the C-terminal fragment of pro-AVP, and expression of AVP gene ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Phenytoin, a widely used anti-epileptic drug, is metabolized mainly by CYP2C9 (90%) and partly by CYP2C19 (10%) to its major metabolite 5-(para-hydroxyphenyl)-5- phenylhydantoin (p-HPPH). The CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genes encoding these enzymes are polymorphically expressed and most of the variants result in decreased metabolism of the respective substrates. The present stu...

Serum concentrations of primidone and its metabolites-phenobarbitone and phenylethylmalonamide-were measured in 40 epileptic patients receiving treatment with primidone alone or primidone plus phenytoin. Serum phenobarbitone concentrations were also measured in 100 patients receiving phenobarbitone, alone or with phenytoin showed raised serum phenobarbitone concentrations. Phenytoin also caused...

Four critically ill patients developed phenytoin toxicity. Hypoalbuminemia or concomitant displacing drugs resulted in an increased fraction of unbound drug. Clinical findings included gradual decrease in level of consciousness and cerebellar signs. Marked phenytoin toxicity can occur in critically ill patients with hypoalbuminemia and can often be detected only by direct measurement of free ph...

EDITOR: Phenytoin is generally prescribed to patients with supratentorial tumours to decrease the risk of seizures. Earlier studies showed that plasma phenytoin concentration may not be in the therapeutic range despite continued therapy [1]. During craniotomy for a supratentorial tumour, an intraoperative loading dose of phenytoin is generally used to prevent postoperative seizures [2,3]. In ou...