Very short synthetic routes to nine cis-olefin-containing pheromones containing a variety of functionality, including an unconjugated (E,Z) diene, are reported. These lepidopteran pheromones are used extensively for pest control, and were easily prepared using ruthenium-based Z-selective cross metathesis, highlighting the advantages of this method over less efficient ways to form Z olefins.

BACKGROUND The social life of animals depends on communication between individuals. Recent studies in Drosophila melanogaster demonstrate that various behaviors are influenced by social interactions. For example, courtship is a social interaction mediated by pheromonal signaling that occurs more frequently during certain times of the day than others. In adult flies, sex pheromones are synthesiz...

Pheromones are a chemical substance produced and released by ants as means of communication. In this work we present the minimum amount of pheromones necessary and sufficient for a colony of ants (identical mobile agents) to deterministically find a food source (treasure), assuming that each ant has the computational capabilities of either a Finite State Machine (FSM) or a Turing Machine (TM). ...

In this paper, we discuss the principle of synthetic pheromones, which we view as a high level coordination mechanism suitable for scalable, distributed systems, such as peer to peer systems. We present a software abstraction for the application of synthetic pheromones, building on an existing coordination mechanism, objectspaces. The coordination principle is evaluated on the problem of search...

Specificity of sex pheromones maintains breeding isolation among three closely related species of spruce-infesting Ips. Hybrids produced in the laboratory were intermediate to the parent species in both attractiveness and response. Pheromones and pheromone receptor types in the hybrids are probably mixtures of those of the parent species.

Citation: Weiss I, Hofferberth J, Ruther J and Stökl J (2015) Varying importance of cuticular hydrocarbons and iridoids in the species-specific mate recognition pheromones of three closely related Leptopilina species. Front. Ecol. Evol. 3:19. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00019 Varying importance of cuticular hydrocarbons and iridoids in the species-specific mate recognition pheromones of three closel...

In insects, increasing evidence suggests that small secreted pheromone binding proteins (PBPs) and odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are important for normal olfactory detection of airborne pheromones and odorants far from their source. In contrast, it is unknown whether extracellular ligand binding proteins participate in perception of less volatile chemicals, including many pheromones, that are...

This paper presents a new approach to particle swarm optimization (PSO) using digital pheremones to coordinate the movements of the swarm within an n-dimensional design space. In traditional PSO, an initial randomly generated population swarm propagates towards the global optimum over a series of iterations. Each particle in the swarm explores the design space based on the information provided ...

Male odors can influence a female's reproductive physiology. In the mouse, the odor of male urine results in an early onset of female puberty. Several volatile and protein pheromones have previously been reported to each account for this bioactivity. Here we bioassay inbred BALB/cJ females to study pheromone-accelerated uterine growth, a developmental hallmark of puberty. We evaluate the respon...

1. Bark beetles and their predators are useful systems for addressing questions concerning diet breadth and prey preference in arthropod natural enemies. These predators use bark beetle pheromones to locate their prey, and the response to different pheromones is a measure of prey preference. 2. Trapping experiments were conducted to examine geographic variation in the response to prey pheromone...