BACKGROUND In East Africa, Phlebotomus orientalis serves as the main vector of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Phlebotomus orientalis is present at two distant localities in Ethiopia; Addis Zemen where VL is endemic and Melka Werer where transmission of VL does not occur. To find out whether the difference in epidemiology of VL is due to distant composit...

The insects trapped in 63 plots positioned a mixed pinewood and marsh Schinias, Marathon, Greece is studied relative to the anthropogenic disturbance. last impact was recently intensified because of Olympic Games area. One hundred forty insect species were found that had abundances greater than two individuals each sampling session all plots. Seven community types using cluster analysis. types,...

Investigations on the biology of Phlebotomus papatasi were carried out under laboratory conditions at 28 +/- 2 degrees C and 80 +/- 1% RH. Fecundity of the female varied between 61 and 48 (mean 56.2 +/- 5.46) and the incubation period of eggs ranged from 7-9 (mean 7.81 +/- 0.61) days. The developmental duration of larvae and pupae varied from 24 to 31 (mean 28.57 +/- 2.71) and 9 to 11 (mean 10....

BACKGROUND Leishmania major complex is the main causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the Old World. Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus duboscqi are recognized vectors of L. major complex in Northern and Southern Sahara, respectively. In Mali, ZCL due to L. major is an emerging public health problem, with several cases reported from different parts of the country. The m...

Climate warming is expected to lengthen the growing season of tree species and enhance radial growth rates. Alternatively, a longer could not lead improved if wood production depends more on rate than length. We test these ideas by comparing leaf phenology data estimated start end dates formation predicted VS-Lite model. analyzed long-term series unfolding fall reconstructed two pine under cont...

To understand better the adaptation strategies of intra-annual radial growth in Pinus halepensis and Pinus sylvestris to local environmental conditions, we examined the seasonal rhythm of cambial activity and cell differentiation at tissue and cellular levels. Two contrasting sites differing in temperature and amount of precipitation were selected for each species, one typical for their growth ...

A new species of Phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) is described from Mikea Forest in the southwest of Madagascar: Phlebotomus vincenti n. sp. It is temporarily classified in the subgenus Anaphlebotomus according to its spermathecal organization, similar to those of P. berentiensis, P. fertei and P. vaomalalae, previously classified in the subgenus Anaphlebotomus referring to on male ...

Phlebotomine sandflies of the genus Sergentomyia are widely distributed throughout the Old World. It has been suggested that Sergentomyia spp are involved in the transmission of Leishmania in India and Africa, whereas Phlebotomus spp are thought to be the sole vectors of Leishmania in the Old World. In this study, Leishmania major DNA was detected in one Sergentomyia minuta specimen that was co...

In this study we have reported the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from needles twelve Pinus taxa, belonging to subgenera (sections and Trifoliae) Strobus (sect. Quinquefoliae). Monoterpenes dominated over sesquiterpenes in most investigated taxa both subgenera, except representatives subsection Pinaster, subgenus Pinus. ?-Pinene was abundant terpene eight pines, but other domin...