The migration of lymphocytes through secondary lymphoid organs was believed to be mainly controlled by chemokine gradients. This theory has recently been called into question since naive lymphocytes observed in vivo by two-photon microscopy show no evidence of directed migration. We have constructed a simple mathematical model of naive T cell migration in lymph nodes that is solely based on loc...

background: to compare the cosmetic results of whole breast radiotherapy between cobalt 60 and photon 9megavolt in patients underwent breast conserving surgery. methods: the patients with breast saving surgery who were treated by whole breast radiotherapy with either cobalt 60 or photon 9mv between 2001-2006 in sayed-al-shohada hospital entered the study. the cosmetic results were evaluated by ...

Introduction: In radiation therapy, knowing the dose rates to healthy organs and tumors is beneficial, and thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) allows for this possibility. This study was aimed at determining the dose-response differences of TLDs in various types of radiation, energy levels, and dose rate calibrated with other types of radiation beams and energy and dose levels. Materials and Meth...

The adult brain subventricular zone (SVZ) produces neuroblasts that migrate through the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the olfactory bulb (OB) in a specialized niche. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) regulates proliferation and migration in cancer and is expressed by activated macrophages after brain injury. The function of Gal-3 in the normal brain is unknown, but we serendipitously found that it was exp...

We present a novel way to recover intrinsic fluorescence in turbid media based on Monte Carlo generated look-up tables and making use of a diffuse reflectance measurement taken at the same location. The method has been validated on various phantoms with known intrinsic fluorescence and is benchmarked against photon-migration methods. This new method combines more flexibility in the probe design...

A Monte Carlo model capable of describing photon migration in arbitrary three-dimensional geometry with spatially varying optical properties and tissue anisotropy is presented. We use the model to explore the effects of anisotropy for optical measurements of the human head. An anisotropic diffusion equation that corresponds to our Monte Carlo model is derived, and a comparison between the Monte...

Stem cell-based cellular cardiomyoplasty represents a promising therapy for myocardial infarction. Noninvasive imaging techniques would allow the evaluation of survival, migration, and differentiation status of implanted stem cells in the same subject over time. This review describes methods for cell visualization using several corresponding noninvasive imaging modalities, including magnetic re...

We study the effect of tissue anisotropy in optical tomography of neonates. A Monte Carlo method capable of modeling photon migration in an arbitrary 3D tissue model with spatially varying optical properties and tissue anisotropy is used for simulating measurements of neonates. Anatomical and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging of neonates are used for creating the anatomical models. We...

HBS is a handheld system for noninvasive breast cancer detection based on frequency domain photon migration. It performs broadband modulation on near-infrared laser intensity and derives the scattering and absorption coefficients from phase and amplitude measurements. Recovered optical properties of phantom and tissue by HBS clearly show the difference between normal and cancer tissue. Measurem...