Photonic crystal surfaces offer a compelling platform for improving the sensitivity of surface-based fluorescent assays used in disease diagnostics. Through the complementary processes of photonic crystal enhanced excitation and enhanced extraction, a periodic dielectric-based nanostructured surface can simultaneously increase the electric field intensity experienced by surface-bound fluorophor...

We study adiabatic transformation in optical waveguides with discrete translational symmetry. We calculate the reflection and transmission coefficient for a structure consisting of a slab waveguide that is adiabatically transformed into a photonic crystal waveguide and then back into a slab waveguide. The calculation yields high transmission over a wide frequency range of the photonic crystal w...

We present a novel numerical scheme for the reduction of spurious reflections in simulations of electromagnetic wave propagation in photonic crystal waveguides. We use a distributed Bragg reflector waveguide termination to reduce reflection from photonic crystal waveguide ends by improving k-matching for photonic crystal waveguided modes. We describe computational procedures and exhibit that a ...

Silicon photonic crystal sensors have become very attractive for various optical sensing applications. Using silicon as a material platform provides the ability to fabricate sensors with other photonic devices on a single chip. In this paper, a new optical sensor based on optical resonance in a one-dimensional silicon photonic crystal with an air defect is theoretically studied for refractive i...

The guided modes lying in the upper gap-edge band in the photonic band structure of photonic crystals have negative values of refractive index. This feature generates many interesting optical phenomena, and some spectacular photonic devices such as focusing slabs have been developed. We report the design of a photonic-crystal, planoconcave lens for focusing incident parallel light, and theoreti...

In this paper, we study the photonic resonance states and transmission spectra of coupled waveguides made from heterostructure photonic crystals. We consider photonic crystal waveguides made from three photonic crystals A, B and C, where the waveguide heterostructure is denoted as B/A/C/A/B. Due to the band structure engineering, light is confined within crystal A, which thus act as waveguides....

Extreme photon localization is applicable to constructing building blocks in photonic systems and quantum information systems. A finding fact that photon localization in small space modifies the radiation process was reported in 1944 by Purcell, and advances in fabrication technology enable such structures to be constructed at optical frequencies. Many demands of building compact photonic syste...

This paper reports the experimental approaches to the fabrication of two-layer integrated phase masks and the fabrication of photonic crystal templates using the phase mask based on holographic lithography technique. The photonic crystal template is formed by exposing photoresist mixtures to five-beam interference patterns generated through the phase mask. The fabricated phase mask consists of ...

Hexagonal ring-type resonators defined by two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides are proposed and demonstrated. Lasing actions are observed from the photonic crystal ring resonator patterned on a free-standing slab with InGaAsP active layers emitting near 1.55 mm. For a ring resonator with 8-mm diameter, the threshold peak pump power is ;3 mW. The quality factor of the ring resonator mode ...

The optical transmission properties of two types of photonic crystals have been analyzed by using the transfer matrix method. The first one is the dielectric photonic crystal (DPC), and the second is the metallic photonic crystal (MPC). We found the dielectric and metallic photonic crystals have different transmission spectra. The effect of the most parameters on the transmission spectra of the...