BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMs) form a widespread root-fungus symbiosis that improves plant phosphate (Pi) acquisition and modifies the physiology and development of host plants. Increased branching is recognized as a general feature of AM roots, and has been interpreted as a means of increasing suitable sites for colonization. Fungal exudates, which are involved in the dialogue between...

Target Audience: MR researchers and clinical scientists working on fast acquisition. Purpose: Random undersampling is an important component used with Parallel Imaging 2 (PI), Compressed Sensing (CS) and their combination (PI-CS) for fast acquisition. Optimized pseudo-random trajectory results in better reconstruction yet the computation complexity of optimizing undersampling trajectory prevent...

Time-resolved MR angiography (MRA) has been proposed as a non-invasive and nonionizing imaging method. Compared with monophasic CTA and MRA it provides better arteriovenous differentiation and functional dynamic information that so far has been gained only with DSA. When contrast-enhanced MRA was first introduced in 1993 acquisition time was in the range of several minutes. In addition the imag...

The development of multidrug resistance in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and the acquisition of broad resistance to xenobiotics in rat hyperplastic nodules are both associated with increased P-glycoprotein (mdr) gene expression as well as changes in activities of intracellular detoxication enzymes; among these changes is a significant increase in the activity of the anionic isozyme of glutath...

OBJECTIVE to explore the potential of 3D Power Doppler Angiography (3D PDA) to evaluate the cerebral circulation in normal and growth restricted fetuses (IUGR). STUDY DESIGN in a pilot study, we enrolled 51 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) pregnancies and 17 singleton pregnancies presenting IUGR, all between 22 and 38 weeks of gestation. Using 3D power Doppler ultrasound, a -volume acqui...

Abstract Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient in many agroecosystems and, apart from affecting plant growth, can also limit biological N 2 fixation (BNF) by leguminous plants. Thus, increasing P supply have positive effect on BNF particularly P-deficient soils. Here, we provide new insights into the response of hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa ), widely adopted as legume cover crop, to limitations,...

Introduction: First-pass myocardial perfusion MRI is a promising and noninvasive technique for evaluation of ischemic heart disease. 3D whole-heart coverage per heartbeat is desirable for clinical perfusion studies to overcome the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and volumetric coverage limitations associated with multi-slice 2D perfusion MRI studies [1-2]. Highly accelerated imaging is a necessar...