BACKGROUND Renal functional reserve is the normal increase in renal blood flow after a protein load, and reduced or absent renal functional reserve is an early index of renal impairment. Renal blood flow is frequently reduced during acute oedematous exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is possible that patients with severe COPD in the stable state may have a reduced...

Paranjape, Vaidehi V. M.S., Purdue University, August 2014. Clinical Investigation of Plethysmographic Variability Index: A Derivative Index of Pulse Oximetry in Anesthetized Dogs. Major Professor: Jeff C. Ko. Plethysmographic Variability Index (PVI) is a derivative index of pulse oximetry that allows evaluating an individual's intravascular volume status. Perfusion Index (PI) represents the st...

Sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) characterized by high-level DNA microsatellite instability (MSI-H) has a favorable prognosis. The reason for this MSI-H survival advantage is not known. The aim of this study was to correlate proliferation, apoptosis, and prognosis in CRC stratified by MSI status. The proliferative index (PI) was measured by immunohistochemical staining with the Ki-67 antibody i...

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the pulsatile index in umbilical artery (PI-UA) and pulsatile index in middle cerebral artery (PI-MCA) in detecting IUGR by comparing it with the birth weight. Study Design: Validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in Department of Radiology, Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, which wa...

Results: The mean values of peak systolic velocity, pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) of capsular artery (CA) and intratesticular artery (ITA) decreased significantly after LV and MV, whereas no significant change was observed in end-diastolic velocity. Comparing between two groups, the PI and RI values of left CA and ITA on 3rd month and of ITA on 6 month postoperatively in MV gr...

Nitrogen components of yoghurt milk samples and resulting probiotic set yoghurt weredetermined. Analyses included total nitrogen (TN), non-casein nitrogen (NCN), non-proteinnitrogen (NPN), casein nitrogen (CN) and proteolysis index (PI). Yoghurt samples wereanalyzed 1, 7, 14 and 21days after production and storage at 5±1°C. TN, CN and PI contentsof yoghurt milk samples with high Somatic Cell SC...

Twenty harpy eagles (Harpia harpyja) without systemic or ocular diseases were examined to measure blood velocity parameters of the pectinis oculi artery using Doppler ultrasonography. Pectinate artery resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were investigated using ocular Doppler ultrasonography. The mean RI and PI values across all eyes were 0.44±0.10 and 0.62±0.20 respectively. Low RI ...

BACKGROUND Progressive beta-cell dysfunction and beta-cell failure are fundamental pathogenic consequences of type 2 diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors may exhibit improvement on preclinical measures of both beta-cell function, homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell (HOMA-beta) index, and beta-cell dysfunction, proinsulin/insulin ratio (PI/IR), correlating to beta-cell survival. ...

INTRODUCTION The peripheral perfusion index (PI) is a noninvasive numerical value of peripheral perfusion, and the transcutaneous oxygen challenge test (OCT) is defined as the degree of transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PtcO2) response to 1.0 FiO2. The value of noninvasive monitoring peripheral perfusion to predict outcome remains to be established in septic patients after resuscitatio...