Wilson’s [19] model of oracle gates provides a framework for considering reductions whose strength is intermediate between truth-table and Turing. Improving on a stream of results by Beigel, Reingold, Spielman, Fortnow, and Ogihara [6, 9, 14], we prove that PL and PP are closed under NC1 reductions. This answers an open problem of Ogihara [14]. More generally, we show that NC k+1 = AC k and NC ...

background: mesenchymal stromal cells (mscs) are employed in various different clinical settings in order to modulate immune response. human autologous and allogeneic supplements including platelet derivatives such as platelet lysate (pl), platelet-released factors (prf) and serum are assessed in clinical studies to replace fetal bovine serum (fbs). the immunosuppressive activity and multi-pote...

Compared to single photoluminescence (PL) intensity-based sensors, dual-emitting-based ratiometric PL sensors are more preferable because the influence from PL fluctuation in the reagents and background PL can be reduced to a minimum. However, so far no report has been directed to the ratiometric PL detection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In this study, for the first time, high-quality quantum dots...

Three chitinases, designated pineapple leaf chitinase (PL Chi)-A, -B, and -C were purified from the leaves of pineapple (Ananas comosus) using chitin affinity column chromatography followed by several column chromatographies. PL Chi-A is a class III chitinase having a molecular mass of 25 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.4. PL Chi-B and -C are class I chitinases having molecular masses of 33 k...

There is increasing clinical evidence that phospholipid oxidation products (Ox-PL) play a role in atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which Ox-PL interact with endothelial cells, monocyte/macrophages, platelets, smooth muscle cells, and HDL to promote atherogenesis. In the past few years major progress has been made in identifying these mechanisms. It has been recognized t...

A fused triplet placenta was observed in a Wistar Hannover rat on gestation day 15. Each (referred to as PL-A, PL-B, and PL-C) of this attached one fetus each, but their fetal weights were lower than that the only normal PL-N) dam. Histopathologically, thinning trophoblastic septa dilatation maternal sinusoid labyrinth zone PL-B PL-C, not PL-A or PL-N. The points placental fusion at junctional ...

Page 9 AUSTRALIAN BIOCHEMIST I n t roduc t i on Plants are our major renewable source of biomass due primarily to their capacity to capture the sun’s energy (in the form of light) and convert it into energy-rich molecules such as sucrose, polysaccharides (starch and/or fructans), proteins or fats. These molecules are subsequently catabolised to release energy for growth, development, and defenc...