Consciousness as stated by Chalmers [1] is anything that we experience, from perceiving the color of red, depth thought, smell a flower, sound guitar, pleasure orgasms to agony pain.

ghazzali has viewed pleasure as perceiving what is desirable and has given it in different types of: sensible and hearty, sensible and non sensible, external and internal, sensible and intellectual, intellectual and bodily. he has viewed human pleasure growth to be in five steps and known five elements for distinguishing them including those of the faculty of perception, perceptions, the meanin...

Male urethral "play" has been described for centuries. There are serious potential complications in this. We present a bizarre case of a variant of such play. A 49-year-old man presented with abdominal pain and incontinence. He had created a "neovagina" at the perineum for self-pleasure. The handle of a toilet brush was placed in the neovagina for self-pleasure but retracted into the bladder vi...

When examining the relevance of Bentham’s thinking to debates on cultural value, we should look, first all, at significance utility as an independent ethical principle. Bentham finds term ‘utility’ in philosophy David Hume, condemns Hume’s use this ambiguous, and establishes principle that is opposed preference for delicacy sentiment good taste. I argue Hume averse very thing places centre his ...

Chronic pain poses a complex, widespread problem that remains inadequately resolved by pain medication. Similarly, depression and addiction exist along a spectrum of reward related mood disorders that pose an ever-increasing burden on healthcare services. There is a need for a greater range of drugs to tackle these diverse health conditions and cannabinoid biology offers a unifying line of rese...