Pulmonary infections are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive persons. Pneumoystis carinii (PC), now named as pneumocystis jiroveci, is the most frequently encountered pathogen. The study, carried out from June 1999 to May 2005, comprised as many as 1101 HIV positive persons presumed to be suffering from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Induced sputum samples were obtained from ...

Sir—Toxoplasmosis is a disease that is highly transmissible to D ϩ /R Ϫ patients (i.e., patients who are seronegative for Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies and who receive a heart transplant from donors who are seropositive for T. gondii IgG antibodies). This disease, along with disseminated aspergillosis, is associated with the highest mortality rate attributable to an infectious complication i...

Despite the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy, pulmonary complications in AIDS are a common clinical problem. Pneumocystis jiroveci infection causes a life-threatening pneumonia, especially in individuals with CD4 T cell deficiencies as occurs in AIDS. Although Pneumocystis sp. is an extracellular fungal pathogen, CD8 T cells are the predominant lymphocyte recruited to the lung in ...