Abstract Background Stroke is a devastating disease and major cause of death disability in China. While existing studies focused mainly on differences stroke patients’ health care utilization by insurance type, this study assesses whether medical costs differed type across four cities Methods A 5% random sample from the 2014–2016 China Urban Employees’ Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) Residents’...

Generic medicines are identical/ clone to an innovator or product brand name. After expiration of patent terms the product, other pharmaceutical companies usually apply drug regulatory bodies for approval market generic versions innovator's drugs. drugs in were sold under non-proprietary name Drugs and form a significant portion out pocket (OOP) expenses Indian households. In order resolve this...

Abstract Background In 2003, Ghana implemented a National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) designed to promote universal health coverage and equitable access care. The scheme has largely been successful, yet it is confronted with many challenges threatening its sustainability. Out-of-pocket payments (OOP) by insured clients one of such the scheme. This study sought examine types services OOP char...

INTRODUCTION This paper provides a snapshot of the health-care costs, out-of-pocket expenditures and available safety nets post-Typhoon Haiyan. METHODS This descriptive study used a survey and document review to report direct and indirect health-care costs and existing financial protection mechanisms used by households in two municipalities in the Philippines at one week and at seven months p...

Aim/purpose – The aim of this study was to estimate the effect health insurance on Out-of-Pocket (OOP) care expenditure in Kenya. It is informed by persistence challenges access and utilization quality affordable services. Previously, researchers have estimated effects different forms fi- nancing its demand shown that affordability not only enhances use services but also cushions people against...

The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Panel on Poverty and Family Assistance argued that the current official U.S. poverty measure should be updated to capture changes in the population’s healthcare costs and needs; families with sufficiently high medical out-ofpocket (MOOP) expenditures may be ‘poor’ even though they are not counted as such. This research offers three distinct advances toward...

BACKGROUND In the evaluation of a healthcare system, it is of interest to identify factors associated with the usage of different healthcare facilities and with different levels of medical expenditure. METHODS A survey was conducted in January and February of 2012 in China. It focused on the middle-aged and elderly with age of 45 and above. A total of 2,093 people from 1,152 households were s...

BACKGROUND There are positive and negative consequences of the implementation of out of pocket (OOP) payments as a source of the healthcare financing. On the one hand, OOP burden increases awareness of treatment costs and limits unnecessary use of healthcare services. On the other hand, it may prevent the sick from accessing needed care. Consequently there are several aspects that ought to be t...

This study provides a comprehensive review of the care-seeking patterns and direct economic burden of injuries from the victims' perspective in rural Bangladesh using a 2013 household survey covering 1.17 million people. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to derive rates and test the association between variables. An analytic model was used to estimate total injury out-of-p...

BACKGROUND Out of pocket (OOP) health spending can potentially expose households to risk of incurring large medical bills, and this may impact on their welfare. This work investigates the effect of catastrophic OOP on the incidence and depth of poverty in Malawi. METHODS The paper is based on data that was collected from 12,271 households that were interviewed during the third Malawi integrat...