BACKGROUND Recent years have seen a growing research and policy interest in prevention in many developed countries. However, the actual efforts and resources devoted to prevention appear to have lagged well behind the lip service paid to the topic. DISCUSSION We review the evidence on the considerable existing scope for health gains from prevention as well as for greater prevention policy eff...

Endowment based economic models with constant returns to scale and perfect competition have been a primary theoretical basis for analyzing political preferences of domestic actors. However, it is well known that such class of model is inadequate in explaining the large volume of intra-industry trade. How do we understand distributive consequences of trade policy of industrialized countries espe...

INTRODUCTION Successful efforts to reduce obesity will require public policy strategies that target both individuals and external factors such as social conditions, economic circumstances, and physical environments. Public opinion data suggest that many policy changes to reduce obesity are likely to face public resistance. METHODS We conducted 4 focus groups involving 33 adults living in or n...

BACKGROUND In Brazil, access to infertility care, including assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), is restricted. This is the third report of a study on access to infertility care and ARTs within the public sector, focusing on the barriers to these services. METHODS The study was anchored on quantitative and qualitative methods. For the quantitative study interviews were conducted with he...

BACKGROUND Chronic disease management has been implemented for some time in several countries to tackle the increasing burden of chronic diseases. While Switzerland faces the same challenge, such initiatives have only emerged recently in this country. The aim of this study is to assess their feasibility, in terms of barriers, facilitators and incentives to participation. METHODS To meet our a...

Research on work-family conflict has focused on individuals, and little is known as to how spouses perceive each other’s work-family conflict and how inaccuracies of such perceptions relate to relationship quality. Using a national sample of dual-earner married and cohabiting couples (N = 545), we found that over half of spouses overestimate or underestimate each other’s work-family conflict. H...

BACKGROUND Nearly 80% of preschool age children never get an eye examination (1). Many "back to school" physical exams do not test for common vision disorders. Untreated eye and vision problems can interfere with most life experiences. The prevalence of undetected vision problems among preschool age children is estimated to be 5% to 10% (2). Failure to detect visual impairment early may have a ...

T his supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine presents evidence reviews and recommendations from the Task Force on Community Preventive Services (the Task Force) regarding three intervention areas for the prevention of violence: firearms laws, early childhood visitation, and therapeutic foster care. 1–3 Of the interventions evaluated by the Task Force, two are recommended for ...