The arrangement of plant species within a landscape influences pollination via changes in pollinator movement trajectories and plant–pollinator encounter rates. Yet the combined effects composition traits (especially specialisation) on success remain hard to quantify empirically. We used an individual-based model explore how specialisation (degree) interact influence pollination. modelled varia...

Pollination is critical for the production of many crops, and both insect- wind-based pollination systems are increasingly disrupted by bloom asynchrony, weather events, high demand available insect pollinators. Artificial can provide a security yield even in poor scenarios, have been attracting increasing attention over past decade. Here, we review pollen collection application technologies th...

The effects of supplemental mass pollination (SMP) were studied in two Pinus sylvestris seed orchards differing in pollen production. Pollen was dusted over the whole tree during the period of peak female receptivity using a pressurized backpack sprayer. The success of SMP was assessed by means of allozyme markers. In the orchard with high pollen production, detectable differences in SMP succes...

Arisaema serratum possesses a pitfall-trap flower pollination system. However, little is known about the efficiency and pattern of pollen movement in A. serratum. Thus, the aims of this study are to (1) determine the paternal parents of the seeds and (2) elucidate pollen movement in a natural population. Paternity analysis using microsatellite markers was performed. Seeds were collected from a ...

Variation in plant and floral size can have conflicting effects on pollination and fruit production in flowering plants. This research examines the contributions of plant height, flower size and pollinator visitation to reproductive success in four populations of Iris tuberosa. The plants were pollinated exclusively by hymenopteran species, primarily during sunny days. Pollination supplementati...

A pollination syndrome is defined as a suite of floral traits that are associated with the attraction of a specific group of animals as pollinators. Traits such as flower morphology, color, scent, and rewards contribute to the plant's reproductive success by attracting pollinators. Here we focus on the genetics of natural variation in flower morphology and how the adaptation between plants and ...