BACKGROUND Constipation is a common clinical problem. Lactulose and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) are both commonly used osmotic laxatives that have been shown to be effective and safe treatments for chronic constipation. However, there is no definitive data as to which provides the best treatment. OBJECTIVES To identify and review all relevant data in order to determine whether Lactulose or Poly...

BACKGROUND Several studies with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents claim that maintenance therapy of renal anaemia may be possible at extended dosing intervals; however, few studies were randomized, results varied, and comparisons between agents were absent. We report results of a multi-national, randomized, prospective trial comparing haemoglobin maintenance with methoxy polyethylene glycol-epo...

The acidic solvolysis of lignocellulose using a glycol solvent such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a promising process for separating its components and producing a valuable lignin product that can be used as thermoplastic and fusible materials. To decrease operational costs, a glycol solvent that is used as a solvolysis reagent must be recovered and reused. In the present study, PEG was recov...

A new analytical method has been developed for the quantitative determination of ethylene glycol-containing nonionic surfactants, such as polyethylene glycol 8000, polysorbate 80, and Pluronic F-68. These surfactants are commonly used in pharmaceutical protein preparations, thus, testing in the presence of protein is required. This method is based on the capillary gas chromatographic analysis o...

A strictly anaerobic, homoacetogenic bacterium was enriched and isolated from anoxic sewage sludge with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1000 as sole source of carbon and energy, and was assigned to the genus Acetobacterium on the basis of morphological and physiological properties. The new isolate fermented ethylene glycol and PEG's with molecular masses of 106 to 1000 to acetate and small amounts of...

in this study, physiological and morphological responses of five almond cultivars to drought stress were investigated under in vitro conditions. plantlets from five commercial almond cultivars (supernova’, ‘tuono’, ‘sahand’, ‘ferragnes ’ and ‘shahroud 21’] were established in ms medium containing 0.5 mg per liter bap and then subcultured  in ms proliferation medium containing 1 mg per liter bap...

introduction: macroprolactin is a significant cause of misdiagnosis, unnecessary investigation, and inappropriate treatment in patients with hyperprolactinemia. its frequency has not been clearly established due to technical difficulties in identifying it. most laboratories and clinicians are unaware of macroprolactin interferences in prolactin assays. materials and methods: a comprehensive lit...

the final treatment for diabetes is transplantation of islets of langerhans. one of the new proposed methods for immunological preservation of transplanted cells is coating of cell surface by polyethylene glycol. in this study, the surface of islets of langerhans was coated by cyanuric chloride activated methoxy polyethylene glycol. the effect of polymer coating, at two different reaction times...

the effect of grape pomace (vitis vinifera) and in oak leaf (quercus libani) tannins by three runs of in vitro gas production on the organic matter digestibility (omd) and in situ dry matter (dm) and crude protein (cp) disappearance were studied in four sheeps. polyethylene glycol (peg) was used to deactivate the tannins. in vitro gas production was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 48, 72, 96 and 12...

implantable contraceptive is likely to be a promising new option for fertility control, as we have entered the twenty-first century and the world’s population grows by one billion people in a single decade. the main objective of this study was to develop a subdermal implant for levonorgestrol (a synthetic progestin from 19-norandrostanes) using a high molecular weight biodegradable polymer , i....