We introduce GAC-4R, MDD-4, and MDD-4R three new algorithms for maintaining arc consistency for table and MDD constraints. GAC-4R improves the well-known GAC-4 algorithm by managing the internal data structures in a different way. Instead of maintaining the internal data structures only by studying the consequences of deletions, we propose to reset the data structures by recomputing them from s...

Six new alkaloids, broussonetines W, X, M1, U1, J3, and J2 (1-6) were isolated from the branches of Broussonetia kazinoki SIEB. (Moraceae) as minor constituents. They were formulated as (2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-hydroxy-methyl-3,4-dihydroxy-5-17-(cyclohexy-2-on-1(6)-enyl)heptyllpyrrolidine (1), (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxy-5-17-(cyclohexy-2-on-1(6)-enyl)heptyl]pyrrolidine-4-O-beta-D-glucop...

The microtubule (MT)-associated protein tau is important in neuronal development and in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Genetic analyses have established a cause-and-effect relationship between tau dysfunction/misregulation and neuronal cell death and dementia in frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism associated with chromosome 17; several mutations causing this dementia lea...

In an effort to establish the relative as well as absolute configuration of the trypanocidally active natural nonadec-6-en-1,2,4-triol isolated from Persea americana, the (2S,4R), (2S,4S), and (2R,4R) isomers were synthesized. The stereogenic centers taken from enantiopure chiral epoxy building blocks derived from inexpensive and readily available D-glucolactone. The (2R,4R) isomer gave (1)H an...

The microtubule-associated protein tau is implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases, including fronto-temporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), in which both RNA splicing and amino acid substitution mutations in tau cause dominantly inherited early onset dementia. RNA-splicing FTDP-17 mutations alter the wild-type approximately 50:50 3-repeat ...

Collagen is the most abundant protein in animals. The protein consists of a helix of three strands, each with sequence X-Y-Gly. Natural collagen is most stable when X is (2S)-proline (Pro) and Y is (2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline (4R-Hyp). We had shown previously that triple helices in which X is (2S,4S)-4-fluoroproline (4S-Flp) or Y is (2S,4R)-4-fluoroproline (4R-Flp) display hyperstability. This hyp...

Background Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a neurodegenerative disease related to multiple underlying pathologies, including four-repeat (4R) tauopathies, namely corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), Alzheimer’s (AD), among others. The Movement Disorders Society-PSP clinical criteria proposed diagnostic category “probable 4R-tauopathy” include the phenotypic o...

Fractionation of an acetone-methanol (1:1) extract of the Caribbean marine sponge Axinyssa ambrosia yielded three new sesquiterpenes whose structures were established by spectroscopic methods as (4R*,5R*,7S*,10R*)-eudesm-11-en-4-ylamine hydrochloride (1), axinyssamine hydrochloride, (4R*,5R*,7S*,10R*)-4-isocyanatoeudesm-11-ene (3), and (4R*,5R*,7S*,10R*)-formamidoeudesm-11-ene (4). Compound 1 e...

To lead the development and maintenance of comprehensive and integrated health information that enables sound policy and effective health system management that improve health and health care. Introduction This document provides a technical description of the risk adjustment methodology for the Continuing Care Reporting System (CCRS) quality indicators (QIs) implemented by the Canadian Institut...

Fv-4 is a mouse gene that dominantly confers resistance to infection by ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV). We previously demonstrated that mixed radiation bone marrow chimeras containing Fv-4r-bearing BALB/c-Fv-4Wr (C4W) bone marrow and Fv-4r-bearing C3H/He (C3H) bone marrow grafted into C3H recipient mice (C4W+C3H-->C3H) were resistant to Friend leukemia virus (FLV)-induced leukemogenesis...