Introduction: Natural rewards are essential for survival. However, drug-seeking behaviors can be maladaptive and endanger survival. The present study was conducted to enhance our understanding of how animals respond to food and morphine as natural and drug rewards, respectively, in a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Methods: We designed a protocol to induce food CPP and compare it ...

Polystyrene/poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS/P4VP) particles with various morphologies such as popcorn-like (A), colloidal molecule NH(3) (B), colloidal molecule H(2)O (C) and mushroom-like (D) were generated by dynamically controlling and stabilizing the phase separation during the seeded swelling polymerization.

•Imaging features of synovial chondromatosis the temporomandibular joint.•Lesion centre being located in superior joint space.•Popcorn and ring-and-arc calcification.•Self-limiting growth. AIMTo investigate imaging (TMJ), which is a rare benign arthropathy with cartilaginous proliferation.MATERIALS AND METHODSComputed tomography magnetic resonance examinations 34 patients histopathologically co...