The term "rhinitis" denotes nasal inflammation causing a combination of rhinorrhea, sneezing, congestion, nasal itch, and/or postnasal drainage. Allergic rhinitis is the most prevalent and most frequently recognized form of rhinitis. However, nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is also very common, affecting millions of people. By contrast, NAR is less well understood and less often diagnosed. Nonallerg...

Various kinds of etiological factors play a role in chronic sinusitis, and foreign bodies in the sinuses are one of the etiological factors. A 44-year-old man attended our outpatient clinic with complaints of headache, nasal congestion, and postnasal drainage. He had a history of gunshot accident 1 year ago, and his paranasal computed tomography revealed a bullet-shaped, radiopaque foreign body...

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is defined as chronic inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses with two or more symptoms, one which can be nasal congestion/obstruction/congestion rhinorrhea (anterior/postnasal drip), and/or facial pain, reduced loss smell. Elongated uncinate anatomical variants process where curved bent, causes sinus problems risk factors for CRS. It has been reported a 19-y...

of the tube, as well as of its anterior and posterior lips. Walker Wood has recorded an analysis of the nasopharyngeal findings in about 650 cases examined, and his results are instructive and valuable. There were forty abnormalities, in fifteen the Eustachian tubes being bifid, and in three there were adventitious openings. He figures cases of mucous polypus in the mouth of the tube, fibroma o...

I some ways, ICD-10 coding is very much like ICD-9 coding but with more options, as the previous articles in this series have demonstrated. (See the series overview on page 18.) This article explains how to report symptoms, signs, and test results in the absence of a confirmed diagnosis. Under both ICD-9 and ICD-10, if your diagnosis is noted as “probable” or any other term that means a diagnos...

OBJECTIVES In this study, we assessed the effect of endonasal phototherapy on quality of life, nasal obstruction and the other symptoms in allergic rhinitis with visual analog scale (VAS), sinonasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20), and acoustic rhinometry. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients (6 males, 18 females; mean age 41.3±13.0 years; range 20 to 60 years) suffering allergic rhinitis refr...

Inflammatory bowel disease)IBD(incidence and prevalence are increasing in different regions around the world and due to the lack of a definitive cause and treatment for this disease (1); all existing theories should be evaluated. For example , a remarkable relationship is defined between abnormal postnasal discharge (PND), and gastrointestinal ulcer In Persian medicine (PM). There is a broad co...

F or about one in five people in Australia, the external world can be an unpleasant and potentially dangerous place because of allergic disease. Already one of the most common chronic noncommunicable conditions in the world, allergic disease is predicted to increase in prevalence by approximately 70% in the next 35 years.1 Inadequately treated allergic disease creates a significant economic bur...