Powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases in cucurbits. Crop yield can decline as the disease severity increases. In this study, we evaluated the effect of silver nanoparticles against powdery mildew under different cultivation conditions in vitro and in vivo . Silver nanoparticles (WA-CV-WA13B) at various concentrations were applied before and after disease outbreak in plants to d...

Fungal plant pathogens are common in natural communities where they affect plant physiology, plant survival, and biomass production. Conversely, pathogen transmission and infection may be regulated by plant community characteristics such as plant species diversity and functional composition that favor pathogen diversity through increases in host diversity while simultaneously reducing pathogen ...

Downy mildews and root and foliar rots caused by Phytophthora are among the most destructive plant pathogens and therefore have attracted considerable attention during the past two decades. Although it has been realized that a close phylogenetic relationship exists, so far sharp distinction has been made between the obligate biotrophic downy mildews and the hemibiotrophic Phytophthora. In the s...

Biotrophic eukaryotic plant pathogens require a living host for their growth and form an intimate haustorial interface with parasitized cells. Evolution to biotrophy occurred independently in fungal rusts and powdery mildews, and in oomycete white rusts and downy mildews. Biotroph evolution and molecular mechanisms of biotrophy are poorly understood. It has been proposed, but not shown, that ob...

Callose plays an important role in plant development and response to multiple biotic abiotic stresses. synthase (CalS; EC 2.4.1.34), the main enzyme callose synthesis, has been studied a number of crops but not cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). In this study, 10 genes encoding putative were identified classified into four clades. Expression levels CsCalS genes, which varied considerably, detected ...

Botanical gardens have extensive spatial databases of their plant specimens; however, the fungi occurring in them are generally unstudied. gardens, with great diversity, undoubtedly harbor a wide range symbiotic fungi, including those that plant-pathogenic. One such group is powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae). The among most prevalent and economically important pathogens world, an estimated 906 spe...