Glutamine possesses gut-protective effects both clinically and in the laboratory. We have shown in a rodent model of mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion that enteral glutamine increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and was associated with a reduction in mucosal injury and inflammation. The mechanism by which glutamine activates PPAR-γ is unknown, and we hypothesized that it...

Kintscher, Ulrich, and Ronald E. Law. PPAR -mediated insulin sensitization: the importance of fat versus muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288: E287–E291, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00440.2004.—Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR ) is a nuclear hormone receptor that functions as a transcriptional regulator in a variety of tissues. PPAR activation, e.g., through binding of the syn...

The antitumorigenicmechanismof cannabidiol is still controversial. This study investigates the role of COX2 and PPAR-g in cannabidiol’s proapoptotic and tumor-regressive action. In lung cancer cell lines (A549,H460) and primary cells from a patient with lung cancer, cannabidiol elicited decreased viability associated with apoptosis. Apoptotic cell death by cannabidiolwas suppressed byNS-398 (CO...

Rationale: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) ( , , and / ) are nuclear hormone receptors and ligand-activated transcription factors that serve as key determinants of myocardial fatty acid metabolism. Long-term cardiomyocyte-restricted PPAR deficiency in mice leads to depressed myocardial fatty acid oxidation, bioenergetics, and premature death with lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. Ob...

Lipid-lowering fibrate drugs function as agonists for the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR ). Sustained activation of PPAR leads to the development of liver tumors in rats and mice. However, humans appear to be resistant to the induction of peroxisome proliferation and the development of liver cancer by fibrate drugs. The molecular basis of this species differen...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone-receptor superfamily. Originally cloned in 1990, PPARs were found to be mediators of pharmacologic agents that induce hepatocyte peroxisome proliferation. PPARs also are expressed in cells of the cardiovascular system. PPAR gamma appears to be highly expressed during atherosclerotic lesion formation, suggesting th...

Peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors belonging to the superfamily of nuclear receptors. The isoforms of PPAR include PPAR alpha, PPAR gamma and PPAR delta (also known as PPAR beta). Generally, PPARs potentiate insulin sensitivity, improve glucose/lipid metabolism, suppress inflammation/oxidative stress, attenuate excessive immune responses, regulate cell...

The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR gamma) plays a key role in adipogenesis and adipocyte gene expression and is the receptor for the thiazolidinedione class of insulin-sensitizing drugs. The tissue expression and potential for regulation of human PPAR gamma gene expression in vivo are unknown. We have cloned a partial human PPAR gamma cDNA, and established an RNase protection ...

Journal of Lipid Research Volume 50, 2009 1663 Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are a family of ligand-activated nuclear receptors that induce transcription of multiple genes encoding proteins involved in fatty acid and glucose metabolism, as well as cell differentiation ( 1, 2 ). Because abn...

The nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) was isolated as a peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta interacting protein using the yeast two-hybrid system. NCoR interacted strongly with the ligand-binding domain of PPAR delta, whereas interactions with the ligand-binding domains of PPAR gamma and PPAR alpha were significantly weaker. PPAR-NCoR interactions were antagonized by ligan...