The inability to predict precipitation extremes under nonstationary climate remains a crucial science gap. Precipitation is not a state-variable within climate models, exhibits space-time heterogeneities, and is subject to thresholds and intermittences. Atmospheric variables in the spatiotemporal neighborhood, like temperature, humidity and updraft velocity, are often better predicted than prec...

HBs vaccines were prepared by three different methods: 1) Heat inactivation (Krugman, et.al 1971)2) Ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by column chromatography (Sephadex G-200) 3) PEG-6000 (polyethylene glycol) precipitation followed by column chromatography using Sephadex G-200. Their efficacy was studied in guinea pigs, and the results compared with commercial Japanese vaccine (Gr...

Severe drought is a notable feature of the hydrology of Central Southwest (CSW) Asia. Although studies have linked the region’s interannual precipitation variability to remote forcings that include East Asia Jet Stream variability and Western Pacific tropical convection, atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) forced by observed sea surface temperatures demonstrate little skill in simulat...

Methods are presented for obtaining maximum likelihood estimates and tests of hypotheses involving the three-parameter kappa distribution. The obtained methods are then applied by fitting this distribution to realized sets of precipitation and streamflow data and testing for seeding effect differences between realized seeded and nonseeded sets of precipitation data. The kappa distribution appea...

In this paper an attempt is made to investigate the possible temporal correlation between heavy precipitation episodes and cosmic rays’ activity, on various time scales. Cosmic rays measurements are sparse and cover less extended periods than those of precipitation. Precipitation is largely influenced by local climatic and even physiographic conditions, while cosmic rays’ distribution is far mo...

The magnetic properties of calcined cobalt ferrite formed by nano-crystalline powders have been compared by two different methods (co-precipitation and hydrothermal). The structural properties of the produced powders were investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the formation of cobalt ferrite spinel structures is effected by changing me...

Climatic parameters in time and space scales of change are for many reasons of Changes and how they should be based on observations using a statistical method to be determined. Analysis of the most widely used statistical methods that assess potential climate change on hydrological time series, such series of precipitation, temperature and flow rate used. This study of 11 synoptic,rain gage and...

Often plant tissues are recalcitrant and, due to that, methods relying on protein precipitation, such as TCA/acetone precipitation and phenol extraction, are usually the methods of choice for protein extraction in plant proteomic studies. However, the addition of precipitation steps to protein extraction methods may negatively impact protein recovery, due to problems associated with protein re-...

The ability of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate the wet deposition of ammonium during 8-week winter and summer periods in 2001 is evaluated using observations from the National Acid Deposition Program (NADP) monitoring sites. The objective of this study is to ascertain the effects of precipitation simulations and emissions on CM...

In this work, we use the gridded precipitation dataset (with a resolution of 0.5◦ × 0.5◦) of the eastern part of inland river basin of Inner Mongolian Plateau from 1961–2015 as the basis and adopt the methods of climatic diagnosis (e.g., the Modified Mann-Kendall method, principal component analysis, and correlation analysis) to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of six extreme precipi...