We study the influence of a randomly switching reproduction-predation rate on the survival behavior of the nonspatial cyclic Lotka-Volterra model, also known as the zero-sum rock-paper-scissors game, used to metaphorically describe the cyclic competition between three species. In large and finite populations, demographic fluctuations (internal noise) drive two species to extinction in a finite ...

This paper proposes a mathematical model of an asymmetric intraguild (IG) predation system with exclusive alternative resource. In particular, this analyzes the effects that resource has on consumption/predation behaviors both IG predator and prey species in system. The results presented show that, if is less competitive consumption efficient conversion shared than prey, then there exists lower...

Parasite modification of host behavior is common, and the literature is dominated by demonstrations of enhanced predation on parasitized prey resulting in transmission of parasites to their next host. We present a case in which predation on parasitized prey is reduced. Despite theoretical modeling suggesting that this phenomenon should be common, it has been reported in only a few host-parasite...

(Post-dispersal seed predation of Anadenanthera falcata (Benth.) Speg. (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) in a gallery forest in Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil). Seed predation is one of the bottlenecks for the regeneration of tropical trees. The influence of post-dispersal seed predation of A. falcata on seedling recruitment was studied in a gallery forest in “Parque Estadual da Serra Azul” (PESA) in Barr...

Due to the rate increase in cancer incidence, many researchers in different fields have been conducting studies on cancer-related phenomena. Most studies are conducted to focus on cellular and molecular aspects of cancerous diseases and treatment strategies. Physicists have been using mathematical modeling and simulation to explain the growth pattern of tumors. Although most published studies i...

1. The behaviour of predators is rarely considered in models of predator–prey interactions, nor is it common to include multiple predators in models of animal behaviour. 2. We introduce a model of optimal diel vertical migration in zooplankton prey facing predation from two functionally different predators, fish and other zooplankton. Zooplankton predators are themselves subject to predation fr...

Bergmann's rule-an increase in body size with latitude-correlates with latitudinal declines in ambient temperature and predation risk, but relatively few studies simultaneously explore the relative importance of these factors. Along temperate Atlantic shorelines, the isopod Idotea balthica from high latitudes are 53% longer on average than isopods from low latitudes. When reared at 6°-24°C, juv...

Odours that accumulate from roosting can attract predators and increase predation risk. Consequently, selection should favour strategies that allow prey to evade detection by predators, including changing roosts. Insectivorous bats that roost in tree hollows regularly switch roosts and roost in different sized groups, strategies that would alter the accumulation of roost odours and are hypothes...

Functional and numerical responses of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus longispinosus (Evans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to the red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner (Acari: Tetranychidae), infesting tea were determined in a laboratory on leaf discs. Prey consumption increased with increases in temperature and prey density. Handling time decreased and successful attack rate increased with increa...