Identifying patterns in the world requires noticing not only unusual occurrences, but also unusual absences. We examined how people learn from absences, manipulating the extent to which an absence is expected. People can make two types of inferences from the absence of an event: either the event is possible but has not yet occurred, or the event never occurs. A rational analysis using Bayesian ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Parents have an important role in making decisions about their children's oral health problems and their awareness of children’s oral health status may affect their care-seeking behaviors. The aims of this study were to determine parental awareness about the presence and absence of dental caries in preschool children and factors associated with their awareness.METHODS: The p...

This paper relates to a method of enhancing speech quality by eliminating noise in speech presence intervals as well as in speech absence intervals based on speech absence probability. To determine the speech presence and absence intervals, we utilize the global soft decision. This decision makes the estimated statistical parameters of signal density models more reliable. Based on these paramet...

In many diseases such as cancer, simultaneous use of two or more pharmacologically active agents will be more effective and have fewer side effects. In this study a new palladium(II) complex with formula of [Pd(phen)(py-dtc)]NO3 (where is phen 1,10-phenanthroline and py-dtc is n-propyldithiocarbamate), was synthesized. The cytotoxic activity of this complex was tested against leukemia K562 cell...