—Bulk reduction of reactor power within a small finite time interval under abnormal conditions is referred to as step-back. In this paper, a 500MWe Canadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) type Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) is modeled using few variants of Least Square Estimator (LSE) from practical test data under a control rod drop scenario in order to design a control system to achieve a ...

In a pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants (NPPs) the pressure control in the primary loop is very important for keeping the reactor in a safety condition and improve the generation process efficiency. The main component responsible for this task is the pressurizer. The pressurizer pressure control system (PPCS) utilizes heaters and spray valves to maintain the pressure within an...

This work describes an improved design for a nuclear fuel rod, which was developed using an experimental circuit that simulates the nuclear rod environment in a pressurized water reactor (PWR). The heat exchanger circuit runs atmospheric to high-pressure boiling water through an annular finned tube (153 fins), which is used to enhance confined heat transfer rates and guide the nucleate boiling ...

India has chalked out a nuclear power program based on its domestic resource position of uranium and thorium. The first stage started with setting up the Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR) based on natural uranium and pressure tube technology. In the second phase, the fissile material base will be multiplied in Fast Breeder Reactors using the plutonium obtained from the PHWRs. Considering ...

We present a simple qualitative model of a large system, viz . a nuclear power plant using a pressurized water reactor . We use the technique of dimensional reasoning, which has recently been shown to be useful in the traditional small-scale problems of qualitative physics, such as springs, boilers, etc . Here we extend the technique so that it can be applied to large systems . Our model is dev...

the importance of groundwater as a source of water supply in arid, semi –arid areas in recent years due to the uncontrolled exploitation of groundwater have been doubled. uncontrolled exploitation has been caused a drop in the water table in many areas of the country, including this region. with replace methods of modern irrigation instead of traditional irrigation methods can prevent drop the ...

Canadian deuterium uranium (CANDU) pressurized heavy-water reactors produce 14C by neutron activation of trace quantities of nitrogen in annular gas and reactor components (14N(n,p)14C), and from 170 in the heavy water moderator by (170(n,a)14C). The radiocarbon produced in the moderator is removed on ion exchange resins incorporated in the water purification systems; however, a much smaller ga...