The research study involved exploring how Peruvian companies use TQM practices and the differences in this use considering industrial sector and company size. Three hundred and sixty-three MBA students, middle managers of private companies operating in Arequipa, Cajamarca, Chiclayo, Cusco, Lima, Piura, or Trujillo, answered a questionnaire, developed by the author, about the use of TQM practice...

Agricultural experts in the field of biotechnology in Iran were surveyed in order to explore theirperception about factors affecting the partnership between public and private sector indeveloping agricultural biotechnology. The research population included Agriculturalbiotechnology experts in the public and private sectors (N=66). A series of in-depth interviewswere conducted with some biotechn...

Although theory suggests that companies would rationally select into audit even if it were not a legal requirement, many countries impose mandatory audits. This is arguably due to an audit having elements of a public good, which may result in not enough audits being purchased without regulatory intervention. The mandatory nature of public company audit has created problems for researchers wishi...

the purpose of this article is the measurement of technical efficiency and returns to scale using data envelopment (dea) approach. in this study, we have measured efficiency quantity and economies of scale for state owned insurance and private companies for 1384-1385 periods. the results reveal that in the dea with the assumption of variable returns to scale, iran, tosee and razi companies have...

Funding for biomedical research has shifted from government to the private sector. One reason is rapid expansion in the number and strength of U.S. biotechnology companies, which collectively spend more than $6 billion a year on biomedical research. Most of these companies are not yet profitable and therefore depend on flows of capital from private investors, Wall Street, and large pharmaceutic...

We analyze the differences between companies owned by private equity (PE) investors and similar public companies. We document that PE-owned companies provide higher managerial incentives to their top management: CEOs have almost twice as much equity, 10% lower salary, and more cash compensation than their counterparts at comparable public corporations. We also find some evidence that PE ownersh...

SUMMARY Increasingly, food companies play an important role in stemming the rising burden of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Concrete actions taken by these companies include global public commitments to address food reformulation, consumer information, responsible marketing, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and public-private partnerships. These actions are reviewed together with eleven sp...

Introduction. The article presents the results of a study on scientific collaboration between Spanish universities and private enterprise, measured in terms of the co-authorship of papers published in international journals. Method. Bibliometric analysis of papers published in journals listed in Scopus in 2003-2011. Indicators were calculated for output, collaboration, standardised impact and p...

Private equity and venture capital investments in emerging markets grew significantly over the past five years (2003-2008), both in absolute and relative terms. In this study, we examine the industry's role in emerging markets, in terms of key actors, business processes, and impact on portfolio companies. We use a case study of private equity and venture capital in Egypt, and the Middle East an...