The papers seeks to reveal the link between the concept of material decoupling points and the specific levels of product in supply chains. Based on supply chain management literature concerning the prerequisites of the location of material decoupling point and marketing theory of the total product concept, we argue that there is a relationship between the specific positions of material decoupli...

this study aims to minimize the total cost of a four-echelon supply chain including suppliers, an assembler, distributers, and retailers. the total cost consists of purchasing raw materials from the suppliers by the assembler, assembling the final product, materials transportation from the suppliers to the assembler, product transportation from the assembler to the distributors, product transpo...

globalization, increasing the global regulations of governmental and non-governmental organizations and customers’ request regarding to environmental compliance issues have led to organizations considering the green supply chain management to improve the environmental and economical performance. in order to maximize the efficiency of energy consumption and resources across the supply chain, gre...

In a competitive market, customer decision is made to maximize his utility. It can be assumed that risk of losing a supply chain’s customer can be defined based on products utility from customer point of view. This paper takes account of product price and service level as competition criteria. The proposed model is based on non-cooperative game theory, for one-manufacturer and one-retailer supp...

The capability to improve market responsiveness to meet future uncertain demand is a critical imperative for many firms today. Flexibility in the supply chain to accommodate such changes in demand is a function of the alternative routes a product may take as it travels from the plant where it is made to the distribution center to the regional warehouse and finally to the retailer. From a supply...

The benefit of integrating product design decisions and supply chain design decisions has been recognized by researchers. Such integration can facilitate better communication between design teams and operations groups. Consequently, potential supply chain risks can be highlighted and addressed before the launch of a new product. Modularization is one of the most critical elements for both produ...