Synapses can only be morphologically identified by electron microscopy and this is often a very labor-intensive and time-consuming task. When quantitative estimates are required for pathways that contribute a small proportion of synapses to the neuropil, the problems of accurate sampling are particularly severe and the total time required may become prohibitive. Here we present a sampling method

Control of massive hemoptysis by embolization of bronchial arteries was achieved in two patients with bronchopleural fistula. Both patients would have been prohibitive risks for thoracotomy. The indications, contraindications, and technique of the procedure are presented as well as a review of the literature.

Published proposals and solutions for building software product families rely on some of the most complex, resource intensive, capital intensive, and intellectually demanding software engineering practices developed to date[1,2,6]. For most software engineering organizations, the complexity, cost, and perceived risk are a prohibitive barrier for implementing formal software product family pract...

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is currently reserved for high or prohibitive surgical-risk patients with aortic valve stenosis. We report on successful TAVI in two Jehovah's witness patients. It offers a simple and effective treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis in high-risk patients who refuse the use of allogeneic blood and blood products.

Background and study aims  We report our experience in endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage performed emergently in 4 prohibitive surgical risk patients with concurrent coagulopathy or on anticoagulant therapy using an electrocautery enhanced lumen apposing self expanding metal stent (LA-SEMS).

Software simulators have often been used to test and validate new protocols, but the high bandwidth of newly emerging ATM networks implies prohibitive memory requirements. This paper describes several simulation techniques we have devised as part of the Thunder and Lightning project to build 40 and 100 gigabit per second ATM networks.

BACKGROUND Treatment decisions for aortic valve replacement (AVR) should be sensitive to patient preferences. However, we lack knowledge of patient preferences and how to obtain them. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed the mortality risk patients were willing to accept when undergoing AVR by using the Standard Gamble method and aimed to show how this risk willingness was affected by level of dis...