Background: The protective effect of the chloroform extract of Cyperus rotundus (CHCR) is attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Cytokines, important regulators of inflammation and repair, play a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Targeting these cytokines can effectively ameliorate the symptoms of IBD. The aim of the present study was to ...

Objective(s): Prevention of inflammation in early stages will be useful in maintaining vitality of the organism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of doxycycline (DOX) or meloxicam (MLX) monotherapy and combination therapy on the levels of inflammatory mediators in the brain tissues of rats with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced br...

Proinflammatory Cytokines and Glutamate in Acute Stroke To the Editor: I have with great interest read the article, “Proinflammatory Cytokines and Early Neurological Worsening in Ischemic Stroke,” by Vila et al.1 Bearing in mind the complexities of interleukin (IL)-6 effects, I would like to ask the authors the following questions: Are the patients included in this study the same patients as in...

BACKGROUND In Alzheimer disease (AD), systemic inflammation is known to give rise to a delirium. However, systemic inflammation also gives rise to other centrally mediated symptoms in the absence of a delirium, a concept known as sickness behavior. Systemic inflammation is characterized by the systemic production of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 ...

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by exercise intolerance, fatigability, dyspnea, and volume retention occurring as a consequence of myocardial injury and subsequent dysfunction. Progression of this disease is thought to be mediated by neurohormones, such as norepinephrine and angiotensin II, by virtue of the toxic effects that they exert on the heart a...

Objective(s): The study was intended to investigate the combined influence of two neuroprotective agents pramipexole and n-acetylcysteine on global cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury (GCIRI) model in rats.Materials and Methods: GCIRI was induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCCA) in rats. Animals were divided into six groups. Groups I, II, and III received saline intraperitone...

An ancillary paradigm that has evolved recently in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy includes subclinical microinflammation with influx of macrophages and consequent generation of myriad proinflammatory cytokines and ensuing kidney damage. Among various proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has attracted the most attention, since it amplifies the inflammatory network...