Individual Differences in Warning Perception: The Role of Risk-Taking Propensity Elizabeth Gabe-Thomas Warnings are intended to improve safety (decreasing injury, illness and loss) by communicating the presence and nature of a potential hazard and encouraging behaviour that will minimise or avoid a negative outcome. Warnings can be seen as representations of risk, therefore it is likely that an...

internet is integrated into nearly all aspects of activities including businesses. it is a medium that can be accessed anywhere. the advancement of internet has contributed to the development of electronic commerce and trust has been suggested in the literature to play an essential role in the development of e-commerce. lately, e-commerce has also taken placed in a new platform, social networki...

During daily encounters, it is inevitable that people take risks. Investigating the sequential processing of risk hazards involve expectation formation about outcome contingencies. The present study aimed to explore risk behavior and its neural correlates in sequences of decision making, particularly in old age, which represents a critical period regarding risk-taking propensity. The Balloon An...

We propose a novel approach in the assessment of random risk variable X by introducing magnitude-propensity measures (mX, pX). This bivariate measure intends to account for dual aspect risk, where magnitudes x tell how high are losses incurred, whereas probabilities P(X = x) reveal often one has expect suffer such losses. The basic idea is simultaneously quantify both severity mX and propensity...

Propensity score methods are increasingly being used to estimate the effects of treatments on health outcomes using observational data. There are four methods for using the propensity score to estimate treatment effects: covariate adjustment using the propensity score, stratification on the propensity score, propensity-score matching, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using ...

This study addresses innovation development with a focus on risk-taking, widely considered relevant driver for the exploration and exploitation of new ideas. The empirically examines effects risk-taking propensity performance its antecedents. We consider role several key antecedents related to organizational structure activities firms aimed at encouraging employees take risks in innovation. per...

In this paper, we attempt to unpack the nature of revealed inconsistencies in two measures risk preferences for a sample young African South Africans. The first measure is self-reported propensity take general, and second preference elicited through hypothetical financial gamble. We find that majority individuals are inconsistent their responses provide these with contradictions coming from rep...

Background: Patients need peace of mind to disclose their information to medical staff and with the lack of trust or in specific health status, they may avoid providing sensitive information for their care or might change the information. This research aims to examine the impact of perceived health status and trust propensity on privacy calculus. Methods: This research was analytical-study. 3 ...

Instrumental variable (IV) and risk adjustment (RA) estimators, including propensity score adjustments, are both used to alleviate confounding problems in nonexperimental studies on treatment effects, but it is not clear how estimates based on these 2 approaches compare. Methodological considerations have shown that IV and RA estimators yield estimates of distinct types of causal treatment effe...