The maltreatment of Maori children in Aotearoa is a matter of grave concern. This report is based on the findings of a literature review which sought to gather together information covering the broad range of factors associated with, and contributing to, Maori child maltreatment. It includes prevalence data, information on inequalities for Maori, and addresses issues associated with making comp...

The major risks and sources of vulnerability, to which street children may be exposed, relate to shelter, safety and nutri­ tion. Specific health risks associated with untreated ill­ nesses and injuries, glue sniffing and sexual activities, are also threatening to them. In particular, street children are in danger from: • physical exposure to cold and damp, due to lack of shelter and insufficie...

Among poor, urban adolescents, high rates of community violence are a pressing public health concern. This study relies on a contextual framework of stress and coping to investigate how coping strategies and involuntary stress responses may both mediate and moderate the relation between exposure to community violence and psychological well-being. Our sample consists of 223 ninth grade Latino ad...

This study examined developmentally salient risk and protective factors of adolescent substance use assessed during early childhood and early adolescence using a sample of 310 low-income boys. Child problem behavior and proximal family risk and protective factors (i.e., parenting and maternal depression) during early childhood, as well as child and family factors and peer deviant behavior durin...

This Bulletin is part of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) Youth Development Series, which presents findings from the Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency. Teams at the University at Albany, State University of New York; the University of Colorado; and the University of Pittsburgh collaborated extensively in designing the studies. At st...

This study was conducted to determine the predictors of tobacco use among junior high school students in Henan. Two thousand seven hundred sixty-three students (from grades 7 to 9) were studied. Demographic, smoking-related, and other predictor variables was investigated. Overall, 6.6% of students were current smokers; 8.7% students reported having tried cigarettes before; and 42.1% of current ...

The timing of transitions to sexual activity, marriage and childbearing in sub-Saharan Africa is undergoing profound changes. This study investigates the determinants of adolescent transitions in South Nyanza, a socioeconomically deprived setting in Kenya where adolescent reproductive health is a particular concern. The analysis is based on Cox regression of timing of first sexual intercourse, ...

OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of a voluntary, paraprofessional home visiting program in preventing child maltreatment and reducing the multiple, malleable psychosocial risks for maltreatment for which families had been targeted. METHODS This collaborative, experimental study focused on 6 Healthy Families Alaska (HFAK) programs; 325 families were enrolled in 2000-2001, randomized to interven...

With the popularization of electric vehicles, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) has become an indispensable technology to improve grid economy and reliability. However, battery aging should be mitigated while providing V2G services so as protect customer benefits mobilize their positivity. Conventional anti-aging scheduling methods mainly offline operates can hardly deployed online in hardware equipment. T...

Clarke (1998) reports that in a sample of just over one/third of the children in substitute care in ACT, 26% had a disability, and 38% were recorded as having behavioural difficulties. While not as yet documented in the literature, there is an impression that problem behaviour associated with children known to protective services, is occurring at a younger age than in the past. Children between...