The storage and handling of animal wastes is one of the main sources of ammonia gas emissions. Ammonia gas has a distinct, unpleasant odor and can become detrimental to the health of humans and animals at high concentrations. Ammonia emissions are of particular concern in manure drying systems, where large losses of nitrogen, in the form of ammonia can cause air quality concerns. The aim of thi...

The aim of this work was to study the infrared (IR) drying of food products. In present article the effects of blanching, of air velocity and of different air temperatures on the drying time and on the rehydration ratio as a quality property are investigated. During research different food materials were used: apple, carrot and potato. In the article a simultaneous heat and mass transfer model ...

In the study, the effectiveness of intermittent (IMWD) and continuous (CMWD) microwave drying and hot air drying (HAD) treatments on apple slices were compared in terms of drying kinetics (moisture diffusivity and activation energy) and critical physicochemical quality attributes (color change, rehydration ratio, bulk density, and total phenol content (TPC) of the final dried product. The tempe...

The drying or dehydration is the controlled heating of food products to evaporate quantified amount of moisture that is originally present in it. Drying of food products is essential to enhance the shelf life of the product without quality losses over an extended period of time. It is an energy intensive process. The fluidized bed dryer with heat pump is one of the efficient method to reduce th...

A five level four factors central composite rotatable design under response surface methodology was used to optimize process conditions of the foam mat drying process i.e. egg albumen (0%-12%), methyl cellulose (0.1%-0.5%), drying bed thickness (3-7 mm) and drying temperature (55-75°C) to develop grape bar with final moisture content of 14%±1% (dry-base). Contour and response graphs were genera...

drying, is one of the important postharvest processes of medicinal plants with an important role played in quality and quantity of the drugs. in this research, in order to study the effect of growing conditions and different drying methods on drying time, essential oil content, color characteristics and microbial load of dracocephalum moldavica, a factorial experiment in randomized complete blo...

Background: Drying is the most common way to preserve quality of aromatic and medicinal plants. Chosen drying methods can affect on the essential oil content and composition of medicinal plants. Objective: This study aimed to assess the changes in essential oil constitutes of catnip aerial part under various drying methods. Methods: The experiment was performed as the randomized complete ...

Spray drying is a process widely used to produce fruit juice powders. In powders, it results with the good quality, low water activity, easier transport and storage. The physicochemical properties of powders produced by spray drying depend on the variables of process and/or operating parameters. In the present review, the principle of spray drying was described. In addition, some factors such a...

During food drying, many other changes occur simultaneously, resulting in an improved overall quality. Among the quality attributes, the structure and its corresponding color influence directly or indirectly other properties of food. In addition, these quality attributes are affected by process conditions, material components and the raw structure of the foodstuff. In this work, the temperature...