Pancreatic acini from most species possess vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors. Recently, two subtypes of VIP receptors, VIP(1)-R and VIP(2)-R, were cloned. Which subtype exists on pancreatic acini or mediates secretion is unclear. To address this, we examined pancreatic acini from both rat and guinea pig. VIP(1)-R and VIP(2)-R mRNA were identified in dispersed acini from both species...

Background: The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of barefoot and shod running with two different styles on ground reaction force-frequency content in recreational runners with low arched feet. Methods: The statistical sample of this research was 13 males with PF (mean±SD age: 26.2±2.8 y; height: 176.1±8.4 cm; weight: 78.3±14.3 kg). A force plate (Bertec, USA) with a sample rate of 1...

We focus on L(A), the filter of supersets of A in the structure of the computably enumerable sets under the inclusion relation, where A is an atomless r-maximal set. We answer a long standing question by showing that there are infinitely many pairwise non-isomorphic filters of this type.

Bone response to a single bout of exercise can be observed with biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of bone biochemical markers to a single bout of exhaustive high-impact exercise. 15 physically active young subjects volunteered to participate. The subjects performed continuous bilateral jumping with the ankle plantarflexor...

Previously, we described the AtGRF [Arabidopsis thaliana growth-regulating factor (GRF)] gene family, which encodes putative transcription factors that play a regulatory role in growth and development of leaves and cotyledons. We demonstrate here that the C-terminal region of GRF proteins has transactivation activity. In search of partner proteins for GRF1, we identified another gene family, GR...

CONTEXT Flat foot is one of the lower extremity deformities that might change kinetic variables of gait. Fatigue is one of the factors that can alter the vertical ground-reaction force (GRF). The effect of a fatiguing condition on vertical GRF has not been documented in individuals with flat feet. OBJECTIVE To examine the fatigue effect on vertical GRF in individuals with flat feet compared w...

Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are plant-specific transcription factors that have important functions in regulating plant growth and development. Previous studies on GRF family members focused either on a single or a small set of genes. Here, a comparative genomic analysis of the GRF gene family was performed in poplar (a model tree species), Arabidopsis (a model plant for annual herbaceous d...

A family A of sets is said to be t-intersecting if any two sets in A contain at least t common elements. A t-intersecting family is said to be trivial if there are at least t elements common to all its sets. A family H is said to be hereditary if all subsets of any set in H are in H. For a finite family F , let F (s) be the family of s-element sets in F , and let μ(F) be the size of a smallest ...

The link between static and dynamic landing lumbar postures, when gymnasts are exposed to large ground reaction forces, has not been established. This investigation aimed to (a) determine if a relationship exists between sagittal static and dynamic landing lumbar spine angles at peak ground reaction force (GRF) and (b) quantify how close to end-range postures the gymnasts were at landing peak G...

In this paper, we show that a pointwise symmetric pre-isotonic preclosure function is uniquely determined the pairs of sets it separates. We then show that when the preclosure function of the domain is pre-isotonic and the pre-closure function of the codomain is pre-isotonic and pointwise-pre-symmetric, functions which separate only those pairs of sets which are already separated are precontinu...