The peripheral neural representation of object shape and orientation was studied by recording the responses of a spatially distributed population of rapidly and slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors (RAs and SAs, respectively) to objects of different shapes and orientations indented at a fixed location on the fingerpad of the anesthetized monkey. The toroidal objects had a radius of 5 mm on t...

The Prandtl and Rayleigh number dependences of the Reynolds number in turbulent thermal convection following from the unifying theory by Grossmann and Lohse [J. Fluid Mech. 407, 27 (2000); Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3316 (2001)] are presented and compared with various recent experimental findings. This dependence Re(Ra,Pr) is more complicated than a simple global power law. For Pr=5.5 and 10(8)<Ra<10...

The investigation of the effect of nanoparticles’ mean diameter and temperature of Al2O3–water nanofluid on velocity and energy field using the lattice Boltzmann method is the main objective of  this study. The temperature of the vertical walls is considered constant at Tc and Th, respectively, while the up and the down horizontal surfaces are smooth a...

A penalty finite element analysis with bi-quadratic elements is carried out to investigate the effects of uniform and non-uniform heating of inclined walls on natural convection flows within a isosceles triangular enclosure. Two cases of thermal boundary conditions are considered; case I: two inclined walls are uniformly heated while the bottom wall is cold isothermal and case II: two inclined ...

Nuclei with spin I ≥ 1 have a weak quadrupole moment which leads to tensor contribution to the parity non-conserving interaction between nuclei and electrons. We calculate this contribution for Yb, Fr and Ra and found it to be small. In contrast, in many lanthanides (e.g., Nd, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Pr, Sm) and Ra close levels of opposite parity lead to strong enhancement of the effect making it suffi...

Abstract Reactive silica additives, such as clays, can increase the filterability of phosphogypsum (PG) during wet phosphoric acid production from phosphate rock (PR). In this study, effect adding inexpensive fly ash waste (34 kg per t PR) together with lower quantities pure (8.5 on radioactivity PG was investigated. The addition waste/pure reduced radiological activity by roughly 30%. reductio...

A modeling procedure is developed for natural convection heat transfer from an isothermal heated sphere located at the center of an isothermal, cooled, sphericalshaped enclosure. The model is based on the linear superposition of conduction and convection solutions, where the convective component is determined based on a combination of two limiting cases, laminar boundary layer convection and tr...

Turbulent superstructures in horizontally extended three-dimensional Rayleigh-B\'enard convection flows are investigated controlled laboratory experiments water at Prandtl number $Pr = 7$. A cell with square cross-section, aspect ratio $\Gamma l/h 25$, side length $l$ and height $h$ is used. Three different Rayleigh numbers the range $10^5 < Ra 10^6$ considered. The accessible optically, such t...

By tailoring the geometry of the upper boundary in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection we manipulate the boundary layer-interior flow interaction, and examine the heat transport using the lattice Boltzmann method. For fixed amplitude and varying boundary wavelength λ, we find that the exponent β in the Nusselt-Rayleigh scaling relation, Nu − 1 ∝ Ra, is maximized at λ ≡ λmax ≈ (2π) , but decays...