T h e DART (discrete anisotropic radiative transfer) model simulates radiative transfer in heterogeneous 3-D scenes that may comprise different landscape features; i.e., leaves, grass, trunks, water, soil. The scene is divided into a rectangular cell matrix, i.e., building block for simulating larger scenes. Cells are parallelipipedic. Their optical properties are represented by individual scat...

An interception model that links the temporal variability of rainfall with the storm-based description of the interception process is derived. Analytical formulae for long-term interception loss are obtained for precipitation with statistical characteristics derived from observations. The analysis of the results indicates that the point interception loss is controlled primarily by three time sc...

Heating by the central star is one of key factors determining physical structure protoplanetary disks. Due to a large radial optical thickness, equatorial regions disk are heated infrared radiation from surface (atmosphere), which in turn direct star. It was previously shown that interception stellar inhomogeneities on can cause perturbations propagate towards In this work, within detailed 1+1D...

Crop canopies and residues have been shown to intercept a significant amount of rainfall. However, rainfall or irrigation interception by crops and residues has often been overlooked in hydrologic modelling. Crop canopy interception is controlled by canopy density and rainfall intensity and duration. Crop residue interception is a function of crop residue type, residue density and cover, and ra...

While graphs are normally defined in terms of the 2-place relation of adjacency, we take the 3-place relation of interception as the basic primitive of the definition. The paper views graphs as an economic scheme for encoding interception relations, and establishes an axiomatic characterization of relations that lend themselves to representation in terms of graph interception, thus providing a ...

Alternative silvicultural treatments such as thinning can be used to restore forested watersheds and reduce wildfire hazards, but the hydrologic effects of these treatments are not well defined. We evaluated the effect of two shelterwood-with-reserve silvicultural prescriptions, one leaving residual trees evenly distributed (SE) and the second leaving residual trees in groups (SG), both with 50...