Voltage losses reduce the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of thin-film solar cells and are a primary limitation in Cu(In,Ga)Se2. Herein, voltage loss analysis Cu(In,Ga)Se2 fabricated at three institutions with variation process, bandgap, absorber structure, postdeposition treatment (PDT), is presented. Nonradiative due to Shockley–Read–Hall charge carrier recombination dominate constitute >7...

This study reveals the intriguing modulations in the photophysics of quinizarin (QZ) on its interaction with p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SCX4) and p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene (SCX6) hosts. While the SCX6-QZ system shows the usual reduction in both fluorescence intensity and lifetime, the SCX4-QZ system shows a contrasting effect of enhancement in the fluorescence intensity and reduction in the fluor...

Highly ordered periodic arrays of silver nanoparticles have been fabricated which exhibit surface plasmon resonances in the visible spectrum. We demonstrate the ability of these structures to alter the fluorescence properties of vicinal dye molecules by providing an additional radiative decay channel. Using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, we have created high resolution spatial maps o...

We present the first measurement of an atomic radiative lifetime in Fr. We use a time-correlated single photon counting technique with a cold sample of 210Fr atoms in a magneto-optic trap. The results are a precision experimental test of the atomic many-body perturbation theory applied to the heaviest alkali. The lifetime for the 7p P3y2 level of 21.02s16d ns gives a value for the reduced trans...

The excited-state dynamics of eosin B (EB) at dodecane/water and decanol/water interfaces has been investigated with polarization-dependent and time-resolved surface second harmonic generation. The results of the polarization-dependent measurements vary substantially with (1) the EB concentration, (2) the age of the sample, and (3) the nature of the organic phase. All of these effects are ascri...

The QSO lifetime tQ is one of the most fundamental quantities for understanding black hole and QSO evolution, yet it remains uncertain by several orders of magnitude. If tQ is long, then only a small fraction of galaxies went through a luminous QSO phase. In contrast, a short lifetime would require most galaxies today to have undergone a QSO phase in their youth. The current best estimates or c...

We show that a Majorana heavy neutrino with a mass O(100 TeV) is a good candidate particle for cold dark matter. It can be responsible for the majority of the cosmological diffuse photon background owing to lifetime of the order of O(1025s), dominantly fixed by the radiative two-body decay. The lifetime is suppressed by two mechanisms: the leptonic GIM cancellation and the see-saw weak coupling...

Ultrafast electronic relaxation measurements in thiol-capped Au11 reveal an excited state lifetime of >500 ps, similar to Au13 and Au28. Upon extended exposure to laser light, a small amplitude, fast relaxation component was observed and attributed to formation of larger particles or aggregates. The long lifetime, combined with a lack of excitation intensity dependence, indicates that Au11 beha...

The anionic form of p-hydroxybenzylidene-2,3-dimethylimidazolinone (HBDI) has been extensively employed as a model of the chromophore of the green fluorescence protein. The bright S1 excited state HBDI(-) has a measured lifetime of 1.4 ps in the gas-phase and is dominated by two non-radiative decay mechanisms: internal conversion and autodetachment into the neutral continuum. Here, time-resolve...