The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was used to elucidate whether certain side effects induced by radiographic contrast media have an immunologic etiology. Groups studied were: 8 patients who had previously experienced adverse reactions in association with urography, 6 patients who underwent urography without notable side reactions, 17 occupationally exposed nurses, and 9 unexposed control...

BACKGROUND Family physicians frequently order and in some instances supervise diagnostic tests using intravascular radiographic contrast media. METHODS MEDLINE database was searched from 1966 to the present using the key terms "contrast media," "adverse reaction," "anaphylaxis," "anaphylactoid," "nephropathy," "renal failure," "kidney failure," and "MRI" in combinations. Other sources were fo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intracarotid arterial infusion of nonionic, low-osmolal iohexol contrast medium has been associated with increased intracranial hemorrhage in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model compared with saline infusion. Iso-osmolal iodixanol (290 mOsm/kg H2O) infusion demonstrated smaller infarcts and less intracranial hemorrhage compared with low-osmolal iopamidol and sali...

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome is a rare fetal anomaly with characteristic constellation of prenatal findings on ultrasound and MRI. The typical triad of imaging features are enlarged and echogenic lungs, flattening or inversion of diaphragm and fetal hydrops. Early prenatal recognition of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome by ultrasound and/or MRI is mandatory for the app...

Electrical activity in cells directly exposed to water-soluble radiographic contrast agents was investigated by intracellular recordings from neurons of the abdominal ganglia of Aplysia. Measurements of membrane resting potential, membrane conductance, synaptic and action potential configuration, and spontaneous electrical activity were performed. Test solutions included sodium diatrizoate, meg...

In this project RCMs were applied to all these regions listed in Table 7.1 with the exception of the chest region. Examples of images with and without RCM are provided and discussed in this chapter. Appropriate and inappropriate use of factors that alter RCMs is also discussed, together with a comparison of RCM and other techniques used for dynamic range control. Specifically applied digital RC...

Digital Image enhancement provides a multitude of choices for improving the visual quality of radiographic images. When the details of radiographic image are lost due to various reasons, image enhancement has been applied. Many algorithms have been proposed for image enhancement in the past decade. Contrast improvement algorithms are used to enhance image contrast and some algorithms come with ...

PURPOSE To provide an x-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) method working with conventional sources that could be readily translated into clinical practice. XPCI shows potential in synchrotron studies but attempts at translating it for use with conventional sources are subject to limitations in terms of field of view, stability, exposure time, and possibly most importantly, delivered dose. MET...

Several X-ray techniques for studying structure, elastic properties, viscosity, and immiscibility of liquids at high pressures have been integrated using a Paris-Edinburgh press at the 16-BM-B beamline of the Advanced Photon Source. Here, we report the development of X-ray imaging techniques suitable for studying behavior of liquids at high pressures and high temperatures. White X-ray radiograp...