A living cell is a dynamic biological system composed primarily of nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins that structurally and functionally interact with many other molecules--organic and inorganic--to carry out normal cell metabolism. Exposure of a cell to radiation can both directly and indirectly alter molecules within the cell to affect cell viability. Radiation energy absorbed...

The selective synthesis of different products from the same starting materials in water, which is the most abundant solvent in nature, is a crucial issue as it maximizes the utilization of materials. Realizing such reactions for ketones is of considerable importance because numerous organic functionalities can be obtained via nucleophilic addition reactions. Herein, we report chemoselective red...

Low carbon steel has been considered a suitable material for component of the multi-barrier system employed on the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW). A non negligible amount of dihydrogen (H2) is expected to be produced over the years within the geological repository due to the anoxic corrosion of metallic materials and also to the water radiolysis. The influence of the ...

Using pulse radiolysis and competition kinetics with cytochrome c, the reaction of superoxide with horse spleen ferritin was investigated. The second-order rate constant is estimated to be 2 +/- 1 x 10(6) dm3 mol-1 s-1.

Amino acids in Solar System bodies may have played a key role in the chemistry that led to the origin of life on Earth. We present laboratory studies testing the stability of amino acids against γ radiation photolysis. All the 20 chiral amino acids in the levo form used in the proteins of the current terrestrial biochemistry have been irradiated in the solid state with γ radiation to a dose of ...

Amino acids in solar system bodies may have played a key role in the chemistry that led to the origin of life on Earth. We present laboratory studies testing the stability of amino acids against γ radiation photolysis. All the 20 chiral amino acids in the levo form used in the proteins of the current terrestrial biochemistry have been irradiated in the solid state with γ radiation to a dose of ...

A femtosecond electron bunch is essential for the observation of ultrafast phenomena. In order to improve the time resolution of pulse radiolysis and ultrafast electron diffraction (UED), that involve the use of an ultrashort electron bunch and ultrashort light, a femtosecond photocathode RF gun was investigated experimentally. The bunch length due to space-charge and RF effects in the gun was ...

The reaction of hydroxycyclohexadienyl rad i­ cal with oxygen was studied by pulse radiolysis. At room tem perature the establishm ent o f the equilibria between the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radical (1), oxygen and the hydroxycyclohexadienperoxyl radicals 5-hydroxy-1,3-cyclohexadiene-6-peroxyl radical (3) and 6-hydroxy-1,4-cyclohexadiene-4-peroxyl radical (4), was observed. From the kinetic analy...

The radiolytic degradation of widely used fungicide, carbendazim, in synthetic aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater was investigated employing γ-irradiation. The effect of the absorbed dose, initial concentration and pH of irradiated solution on the effectiveness of carbendazim decomposition were investigated. Decomposition of carbendazim in 100 μM concentration in synthetic aqueous solu...