How do we apply learning from one situation to a similar, but not identical, situation? The principles governing the extent to which animals and humans generalize what they have learned about certain stimuli to novel compounds containing those stimuli vary depending on a number of factors. Perhaps the best studied among these factors is the type of stimuli used to generate compounds. One promin...

Housing markets experience substantial price volatility, short term price change momentum and mean reversion of prices over the long run. Together these features, particularly at their most extreme, produce the classic shape of an asset bubble. In this paper, we review the stylized facts of housing bubbles and discuss theories that can potentially explain events like the boom-bust cycles of the...

We give a functorial construction of a rational S 1-equivariant cohomology theory from an elliptic curve equipped with suitable coordinate data. The elliptic curve may be recovered from the cohomology theory; indeed, the value of the cohomology theory on the compactification of an S 1-representation is given by the sheaf cohomology of a suitable line bundle on the curve. The construction is eas...

In this paper we consider constrained and rational default logics We provide two characterizations of constrained extensions One of them is used to derive complexity results for decision problems involving constrained extensions In particular, we show that the problem of membership of a formula in at least one (in all) constrained extension(s) of a default theory is Ef-complete (I l f -complete...

In this paper fields of quantum reference frames based on gauge transformations of rational string states are described in a way that, hopefully, makes them more understandable than their description in an earlier paper. The approach taken here is based on three main points: (1) There are a large number of different quantum theory representations of natural numbers, integers, and rational numbe...

Representations of braid group obtained from rational conformal field theories can be used to obtain explicit representations of Temperley-Lieb-Jones algebras. The method is described in detail for SU(2) k Wess-Zumino conformal field theories and its generalization to an arbitrary rational conformal field theory outlined. Explicit definition of an associated linear trace operation in terms of a...

We present the state of the art on the modern mathematical methods of exploiting the entropy principle in thermomechanics of continuous media. A survey of recent results and conceptual discussions of this topic in some well-known non-equilibrium theories (Classical irreversible thermodynamics CIT, Rational thermodynamics RT, Thermodynamics of irreversible processes TIP, Extended irreversible th...

In this dissertation, I study decision-making mechanisms in young children and non-human primates across multiple domains—including visual attention and overt choice—in order to discover the efficacy and limitations of rational cognitive theories. Rational cognitive theories posit that intelligent organisms should choose actions that maximize utility (e. Effective utility maximization requires ...

This exploratory research examines the decision-making processes of experienced IT project managers at the initial start-up stage of their projects and at key decision points during project execution. The focus is on the decision-making related to potential problems (risks) at the start, and materialized problems during the course of the project. Decision processes are viewed from the perspecti...

This article is designed to provide an introduction to some examples of triangulated categories that arise in the study of G-equivariant cohomology theories for a compact Lie group G. We focus on cohomology theories whose values are rational vector spaces since one may often give explicit algebraic constructions of the triangulated category in that case. As general references for equivariant co...