(2013). X-ray scattering of a nematic liquid crystal nano-dispersion with negative dielectric anisotropy. A nematic liquid crystal (LC) mixture was doped with harvested ferroelectric BaTiO 3 nanoparticles and investigated with wide-and small-angle x-ray scattering upon heating from the nematic to the isotropic phase. At moderate temperatures, colloidal crystallites were observed. LC test cells ...

We propose generation of narrow-bandwidth GeV photons, gamma-rays, via Compton scattering of hard X-ray photons in X-ray free-electron laser oscillators [1]. The gamma-rays have a narrow-bandwidth spectrumwith a sharp peak, ∼0.1% (FWHM), due to the nature of Compton scattering in relativistic regime. Such gamma-rays will be a unique probe for studying hadron physics. In this paper, we discuss d...

X-ray scattering images contain numerous gaps and defects arising from detector limitations and experimental configuration. We present a method to heal X-ray scattering images, filling gaps in the data and removing defects in a physically meaningful manner. Unlike generic inpainting methods, this method is closely tuned to the expected structure of reciprocal-space data. In particular, we explo...

X-ray bright quasars might be used to trace dust in the circumgalactic and intergalactic medium through the phenomenon of X-ray scattering, which is observed around Galactic objects whose light passes through a sufficient column of interstellar gas and dust. Of particular interest is the abundance of gray dust larger than m 0.1 m, which is difficult to detect at other wavelengths. To calculate ...

We studied the X-ray dust scattering halos around 17 bright X-ray point sources using Chandra data. All sources were observed with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer and High-Energy Transmission Grating in Continuous Clocking Mode (CC-mode) or Timed Exposure Mode (TE-mode). We use an iterative method to resolve the halos at small scattering angles from the zeroth order data in CC-mode or the...

A system for the simultaneous measurement of small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (SAXS–WAXD) and the thickness of a coating film, obtained with an automatic coater, during film formation has been developed. The system was installed on beamline BL03XU at SPring-8. As model specimens, poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(n-butyl acrylate)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-b-...

Counterion atmospheres condensed onto charged biopolymers strongly affect their physical properties and biological functions, but have been difficult to quantify experimentally. Here, monovalent and divalent counterion atmospheres around DNA double helices in solution are probed using small-angle x-ray scattering techniques. Modulation of the ion scattering factors by anomalous (resonant) x-ray...

– Results of high-energy magnetic X-ray diffraction for photon energies up to 500 keV are presented and the form of the magnetic scattering cross-section for relativistic energies is discussed. At 300 keV we experimentally proved that the scattering from the spin component perpendicular to the scattering plane is dominant. Within our statistical and systematic errors, the magnetic scattering am...

The problem of reconstructing the charge density of a non-periodic sample from its diffuse X-ray scattering is considered. For a sample known to be isolated, an artificial superlattice may be assumed and the numerical direct methods of crystallography applied to the continuous distribution of diffuse scattering in order to solve the phase problem. This method is applied to simulated soft-X-ray ...

This article briefly introduces the fundamental principles of nanoparticle size distribution measurements using Small Angle X-ray Scattering, as well as data processing using the dividing distribution function. The study also investigates the existing methods of data processing. This article also discusses the testing of 2D, 3D nanostructure and Small Angle X-ray Scattering testing used in cosm...